Case of mucormycosis of mandible after self-extraction of teeth incidentally detected to have chronic granulomatous disease: Case report and literature review

Epidemiology of Mucormycosis in India

“…Different case series focussed on ROCM cases from India reported diabetes as a risk factor in 80–100% of cases [ 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 ]. Trauma is a risk factor for the ROCM type (15–52%), mainly after unhygienic dental procedures during tooth extraction [ 5 , 6 , 57 , 58 ].…”

Epidemiology and Pathophysiology of COVID-19-Associated Mucormycosis: India Versus the Rest of the World

“…Innate immunity is primarily responsible for clearing the spores from mucosal surfaces in healthy individuals. Neutrophilic disorders (qualitative or quantitative) are the main risk factors for mucormycosis [65][66][67][68][69], while lymphocytic disorders have rarely been implicated as a predisposing factor for mucormycosis [70]. The conventional risk factors for invasive mold infections include neutropenia, hematological malignancies, solid organ transplantation, hematopoietic stem cell transplant, immunosuppressive therapies targeting T-cells (calcineurin inhibitors, tumor necrosis factor inhibitors, lymphocyte-specific monoclonal antibodies, prolonged use of corticosteroids at a dose of 0.3 mg/kg for [ 3 weeks in the past two months), and certain inherited immunodeficiency diseases [7].…”

Non-invasive Mucormycosis Associated with Ameloblastoma of the Mandible in Liver Transplant Patients

“…When it involved to mandibular bone, their histological findings were mostly active, showing hyphae branching and penetration into surrounding tissues and blood vessels. 5,11,13,19) However, this case shows a completely different pattern from the previous cases. The lesion didn't progress clinically fast and there was no change in gingiva such as ulcer and necrosis, except for slightly discomfort in lingual gingiva.…”

“…[1][2][3] The main types of mucomycosis occur at sinusitis/ rhinocerebral, pulmonary, cutaneous/subcutaneous gastrointestinal, and disseminated, while other forms including oral cavity occur at much lower frequencies.. 1,3) Mucormycosis of the oral cavity is reported usually in maxilla as a result of transpalatal extension of rhinocerebral infection, [4][5][6][7][8][9] Mucormycosis associated with the mandible is a rare, but in the most cases, it is isolated only to mandibule. 5,[10][11][12][13][14][15] It is reported that the oral lesions of mucormycosis developed after extraction of teeth or intraoral manipulations and mostly showed gingival involvement with ulceration and loosening of teeth. 5,[10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] Among previous known articles, there were no case reports of non-invasive and inactive mucormycosis in mandible without fungal invasion into the blood vessels.…”

“…5,[10][11][12][13][14][15] It is reported that the oral lesions of mucormycosis developed after extraction of teeth or intraoral manipulations and mostly showed gingival involvement with ulceration and loosening of teeth. 5,[10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] Among previous known articles, there were no case reports of non-invasive and inactive mucormycosis in mandible without fungal invasion into the blood vessels.…”