Case report: A case report and literature review of extrapancreatic solid pseudopapillary neoplasm

Abstract

BackgroundSolid pseudopapillary neoplasm (SPN) is a rare tumor with low malignant potential, which typically occurs in the pancreas. Extrapancreatic SPN is also extremely rare worldwide.Case presentationWe report a case of a 70-year-old woman hospitalized with abdominal pain and bloating. The patient did not have any underlying diseases, such as diabetes, coronary heart disease, or hypertension. More than 30 years ago, the patient underwent surgery for “ectopic pregnancy”. The patient had no family history of hereditary disease, nor did any immediate family members have a history of cancer. Laboratory tests showed that her hemoglobin and albumin levels were low and she had a high level of cancer antigen 125 (CA125). Enhanced computed tomography (CT) showed a large tumor in the abdomen and pelvis. The patient subsequently underwent surgery, and it was found that the tumor was attached to the terminal ileum. Pathological findings suggested that the tumor was an extrapancreatic SPN, with an ectopic pancreas found in the tumor tissue. The patient did not receive chemotherapy or radiotherapy after surgery. After 13 months of follow-up, the patient was admitted again with abdominal pain. CT showed tumor recurrence with extensive systemic metastases. The patient and her family refused reoperation and biopsy, and the patient was discharged after the abdominal pain and anemia resolved.ConclusionWe report a rare case of extrapancreatic SPN of ileal origin, which could be the first report worldwide. It had aggressive biological features, with recurrence and metastasis 13 months after surgery. For extrapancreatic SPN, the risk of recurrence should be assessed, and for tumors suspected of malignant behavior, a longer follow-up after discharge may be needed. Although SPN generally has a good prognosis after surgery, there is no consensus on whether postoperative chemotherapy and other treatments are needed for patients with high recurrence risk.

Massive extrapancreatic solid pseudopapillary neoplasm misdiagnosed as hepatic tumor: a case report and literature review

“…Solid pseudopapillary neoplasm of the pancreas (SPNP), as a rare low-malignant neoplasm, accounts for approximately 2% of all pancreatic neoplasms ( 7 , 11 ). The disease has a female predilection, and the male/female ratio of incidence rate varies among different races ( 2 , 3 , 12 , 13 ).…”

“…However, the incidence of extrapancreatic SPNs is extremely low, and all reported cases are sporadic. In 2022, Liu's team reported a total of 50 cases of extrapancreatic SPNs since 1990 (7). Building on this, we attempted to research and summarize cases of extrapancreatic SPNs of primary retroperitoneum origin, including data up to November 2023, in Supplementary Table 1 (23)(24)(25)(26)(27).…”

“…Surgical treatment remains the gold standard for the treatment of SPNs, and this disease is generally associated with a favorable prognosis if diagnosed and treated early (2)(3)(4)(5)(6). In addition, SPNs are also detected in other parts of the body, called extrapancreatic SPNs (7). To date, extrapancreatic SPNs have only been reported as sporadic cases in the literature, with poorly understood research characteristics.…”