Case report: A rare case of dysgerminoma presenting with skin and breast metastasis

Adekunle, Oguntayo Olanrewaju; Zayyan, Marliyya; Kolawole, Abimbola Omolara; Saad, Ahmed

doi:10.4236/crcm.2013.22046

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Although dysgerminoma is a chemotherapy-sensitive ovarian tumor, in the case of young women with early stages of dysgerminoma, unilateral salpingo-oophorectomy is recommended as a treatment of choice, particularly in the cases in which fertility is important. But the relapse rate is about 10% to 20% (11,12).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dysgerminoma is an ovarian tumor consisting of primitive and undifferentiated germ cells. Most of them are benign lesions and only 3% are malignant (11). Although dysgerminoma is a chemotherapy-sensitive ovarian tumor, in the case of young women with early stages of dysgerminoma, unilateral salpingo-oophorectomy is recommended as a treatment of choice, particularly in the cases in which fertility is important.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most common ovarian tumor which metastasizes to the skin is epithelial adenocarcinoma (serous, mucinous, and endometrioid) (10). Dysgerminoma is the most common ovarian germ cell tumor that may have a local invasion, lymphatic spread to pelvic lymph nodes, or hematogenous metastases (11). However, cutaneous metastases are relatively rare but they are of important clinical significance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cutaneous Metastasis in a Previously Known Case of Ovarian Dysgerminoma: A Case Report

et al. 2021

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Introduction: Cutaneous metastasis is an uncommon manifestation that mostly occurs in patients with previous gastrointestinal or gynecological malignancies. Local recurrence usually can be seen in surgical incisions. Dysgerminomas are rare ovarian tumors that usually have local invasions, but metastases are infrequent. Here, we described a case of dysgerminoma and cutaneous metastasis in the surgical incision. Case Presentation: The patient was a 39-year-old woman previously known as ovarian dysgerminoma, who had undergone surgery one year ago. Ultrasound examination a year after surgery showed a 35 × 33 millimeters hypoechoic solid tumor in the left ovary and another 3 masses with similar echo pattern and vascularity were found in the surgical incision. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings were compatible with cutaneous metastasis of pervious dysgerminoma. Pathologic evaluation and Immunohistochemistry (IHC) confirmed dysgerminoma's skin metastasis. She received chemotherapy due to the recurrence of malignancy. Conclusions: Local recurrence and metastases (even in the skin) should be kept in mind and the clinician must examine the surgical site skin in patients with a history of malignancy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cutaneous Metastasis in a Previously Known Case of Ovarian Dysgerminoma: A Case Report

et al. 2021

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“…Furthermore, extra-abdominal lymph nodes such as para-aortic, [23,25,26], supraclavicular [11] and cervical lymph nodes [26][27][28] may be involved. Distant hematogenous metastases develop in the bones [29][30][31], lungs (15%) [24], liver [29,31], kidneys [29], adrenal glands [31], mammary glands [32], cranium, brain, dura mater and intra-axial [24,33,34], pancreas [29], heart and skin [32]. There are also a number of other uncommon distant sites that have been reported: eye, placenta, central airways (bronchus-trachea), bladder (17%), pleura (33%), spleen (20%), bowel (50%) [22,35], and neurologic involvement such as carcinomatous meningitis [24,33,34].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uncommon Metastasis of Ovarian Dysgerminoma: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

et al. 2021

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Ovarian malignant germ cell tumors (OMGCT) represent less than 10% of all ovarian tumors. Dysgerminoma is the most common malignant primitive germ cell tumor in young women, known for its curability and low propensity to invade and metastasize when diagnosed early. Herein, we report an unusual type of ovarian dysgerminoma (OD) metastasis with a brief review of the literature, lacking similar reported cases. To our knowledge, although there are several case reports of dysgerminoma metastases with variable anatomic location and presentation, vaginal metastasis has not been previously described. The local or systemic relapse together with local and distant metastasis is considered as an independent predictor of poor survival in patients with OD. In light of the absence of mutations status, our patient successfully responded to therapy. Currently, the patient remains in clinical remission. A specific follow-up plan is ongoing knowing that ovarian dysgerminomas tend to recur most often in the first 2–3 years after treatment.

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“…For a differential diagnosis with other ovarian tumors, cancer antigen 125 (CA-125) can be used [ 9 ]. The differential diagnosis is made with early or ectopic pregnancy, due to the presence of BHCG [ 4 , 27 ], uterine fibroids [ 10 ], other forms of acute abdomen [ 10 ], lymphoma or leukemia in case of atypical skin or breast metastases [ 28 ] and endometriosis [ 14 ].…”

Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis and Management of Dysgerminomas with a Brief Summary of Primitive Germ Cell Tumors

et al. 2022

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Dysgerminoma represents a rare malignant tumor composed of germ cells, originally from the embryonic gonads. Regarding its incidence, we do not have precise data due to its rarity. Dysgerminoma occurs at a fertile age. The preferred treatment is the surgical removal of the tumor succeeded by the preservation of fertility. Even if a multidisciplinary team, founded in 2009 by a gynecologist, an oncologist, a pediatric oncologist and a pediatric surgeon, under the guidance of the Malignant Germ Cell International Consortium (MaGIC), studies this type of tumor, issues still remain related to the lack of a randomized study and to both the management and understanding of the concept of OMGCTs (ovarian malignant germ cell tumors). The aim of this review is to present from the literature the various approaches for this type of tumor, and, regarding innovative therapies or possible prevention, which can be applied in clinical practice. Multidisciplinarity and treatment in reference centers have proven their usefulness as well.

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Case report: A rare case of dysgerminoma presenting with skin and breast metastasis

Cited by 5 publications

References 3 publications

Cutaneous Metastasis in a Previously Known Case of Ovarian Dysgerminoma: A Case Report

Cutaneous Metastasis in a Previously Known Case of Ovarian Dysgerminoma: A Case Report

Uncommon Metastasis of Ovarian Dysgerminoma: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Diagnosis and Management of Dysgerminomas with a Brief Summary of Primitive Germ Cell Tumors

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