Case Report and Literature Review of “Treatment Failure” of Aspergillus Infection Secondary to Influenza a Virus

Abstract

Purpose Increased clinical manifestations combined with increased lung imaging findings during antifungal therapy are often misjudged as failure of antifungal therapy, and should be vigilant against immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome. Case We describes a case of invasive pulmonary Aspergillus infection after Influenza A Virus (IAV). After active antifungal therapy, the patient’s clinical symptoms continued to worsen, imaging lesions continued to progress, laboratory indicators improved, and immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome was considered. Conclusion The clinical characteristics and treatment process of this case were summarized, and related literature search was carried out, in order to provide a new perspective for the treatment failure of fungal infection in the future, and to avoid the random change of antifungal drugs, which may lead to the increase of drug resistance.