Case Report: Isoimmune Thrombocytopenic Purpura in Suckling Pigs

Hsu, Julia Chu-Ning; Lin, Chun-Liang; Hou, Fu-Hsiang; Chang, Hao-Kai; Hsu, Tien-Huan; Liao, Jiunn‐Wang; Lee, Wei‐Cheng

doi:10.1142/s1682648515720129

Cited by 7 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…With the knowledge of the disease and its pathogenesis as well as with the number of tools at our disposal, it should be possible to avoid losses. Artificial insemination greatly reduces the risk but cases may still occur [10]. Therefore, it is essential to record matings and boars used for artificial insemination to avoid the same pairing in later inseminations of the sow.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further risk factors may be identified and avoided in the future. The most important thing is to identify the father and, in cases where piglets are moved after birth [10], the mother of an affected litter. We show in this case report, that this can easily be accomplished by genetic testing.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Subsequent matings of the sow and boar of the affected litter should be avoided. However, due to cross-fostering or insufficient documentation of breeding, identification of parents might be impossible [10]. The disease has become rare since the emergence of artificial insemination, which decreases the possibility of two identical matings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Haematological findings show a severe thrombocytopenia in affected piglets [ 1 , 3 , 8 , 9 ], elongated bleeding time [ 1 , 4 , 8 ] but normal whole blood coagulation, prothrombin and activated partial thromboplastin times [ 1 , 4 , 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thrombocytopenic purpura on an organic farm with pen mating: a case report on the re-emergence of an old disease

et al. 2020

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Background: Thrombocytopenia is an immune-mediated disease, which affects suckling piglets. Piglets are pale and inactive, show multiple hemorrhages and often die within days. Pathological examination reveals severe haemorrhages and oedema in several organs. Severe thrombocytopenia and elongated bleeding time characterize the disease haematologically. The sow produces antibodies against the thrombocyte antigens of the boar, which are present in the blood of the piglets. These isoimmune antibodies attack the platelets and megakaryocytes of the piglets, causing thrombocytopenia in succeeding matings of the same boar and sow. There is no known therapy against this condition. In the last few decades, the disease has become rare due to the increase of artificial insemination. Case presentation: On an organic breeding farm in Switzerland with a high percentage of natural pen matings, piglets of three litters showed haemorrhages on the skin, prolonged bleeding time and were generally in a reduced general state. A pathological examination revealed multifocal haemorrhages in the stomach, kidneys, dermis, mesenterium and spinal cord. Haematology showed a massive thrombocytopenia and regenerative anaemia. Due to these findings the diagnosis of thrombocytopenic purpura was established. To avoid further matings of the same boar and sow and thus more affected piglets, out of three possible boars the responsible sire had to be determined. This was achieved through array genotyping and subsequent computation of identity by descent and calculation of Mendelian errors for parentage verification. Thereby the responsible boar was identified and as a consequence removed from the farm. Further preventive measures, that had been established, included the recording of all matings and regular exchange of boars. Conclusion: The decreased number of natural matings with the surge of artificial insemination has probably reduced the number of cases of thrombocytopenic purpura and thus the disease awareness of farmers and veterinarians. However, as consumers wish for better animal welfare and higher ecological standards we may see a rise in natural matings and thus a return of the disease. In case of affected litters, genetic testing was proven a valid method for investigation and prevention of more cases and may be used more in the future.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thrombocytopenic purpura on an organic farm with pen mating: a case report on the re-emergence of an old disease

et al. 2020

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“…For each value of ϵ , a grid search was carried out in two steps. In the first step, a coarse grid was used and γ ranged exponentially between 2 −15 and 2 3 with an increment of 2 2 , and C varied exponentially from 2 −5 to 2 15 with the same increment (2 2 ) (Hsu et al , 2010). This coarse grid enabled us to determine a region of better values of the three parameters ( ϵ , C and γ ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced pedotransfer functions with support vector machines to predict water retention of calcareous soil

Khlosi

Alhamdoosh

Douaik³

et al. 2016

European J Soil Science

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Knowledge of soil hydraulic properties is of major importance for land management in dry‐land areas. The most important properties are the soil–water retention curve (SWRC) and hydraulic conductivity characteristics. Direct measurement of the SWRC is time and cost prohibitive. Pedotransfer functions (PTFs) use data mining tools to predict SWRC. Modern data mining techniques enable accurate predictions and good generalization of SWRC data. In this research we explore whether the use of support vector machines (SVMs) could improve the accuracy of prediction of SWRC. The novelty of our work is in the application of SVM data mining techniques, which are seldom used in soil research, to a limited dataset from Syria. The soil studied is calcareous and the climate is arid, for which no PTFs have been developed. Seventy‐two undisturbed soil samples were taken from four different agro‐climatic zones of Syria. The soil water contents at eight matric potentials were determined and selected as output variables. The data were split into two subsets: a training set with 54 samples for model calibration or PTF development and a test set with 18 samples for PTF validation. An overview of the theoretical foundation of this new approach and the use of specific kernel functions is given. Then, the model parameters were optimized with ninefold cross‐validation and a grid search method. The predictions of the SVM‐based PTFs were analysed with the coefficient of determination (R2) and root mean square error (RMSE). Our results showed that the accuracy of SVM was better in terms of RMSE and R2 than multiple linear regression (MLR) and the artificial neural network (ANN). The results support previous findings that the SVM approach performs better than MLR and the ANN. Furthermore, improvements in predictions of SWRC with the three data mining techniques were obtained by replacing the more conventional organic matter in the PTF with the plastic limit (PL). Therefore, SVM and PL markedly improved the accuracy of prediction of SWRC for calcareous soil. Highlights Pedotransfer functions (PTFs) to predict the soil–water retention curve of calcareous soil. Improved prediction of water retention with support vector machines (SVMs) The plastic limit (PL) appeared to be a significant predictor variable. The results suggest the use of SVMs and PL to improve and develop PTFs further.

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Age-Dependent Effects of Acute Kidney Injury on End-Stage Kidney Disease and Mortality in Patients with Moderate to Severe Chronic Kidney Disease

Chou

Lai

Lin

et al. 2023

Nephron

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Introduction: Old age has been considered as a positive modifier of chronic kidney disease (CKD), but the progression of CKD is often accelerated by acute kidney injury (AKI) in older adults. This study aimed to investigate this paradoxical interplay and identify age-specific predictors of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). Methods: This retrospective cohort included 6,101 patients with CKD stage 3B-5 followed at a single center during 2005–2018. Participants were stratified into four age groups to explore age-dependent influences on the risk of ESKD and all-cause mortality. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression model with competing risk analysis was used to identify predictors of outcomes. Results: During a median follow-up of 2.68 years, 1,650 (27.0%) patients developed ESKD and 541 (8.9%) patients died. The rate of ESKD decreased with advancing age, being lowest in the very old-aged (>75 years) group who displayed the slowest rate of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decline. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression adjusted for competing death showed that younger ages, compared with patients aged >75 years, together with AKI episodes and several traditional risk factors were identified as predictors for ESKD. The impact of AKI episodes on ESKD development was most prominent in patients aged >75 years. These results were confirmed with subgroup analyses in patients with outcomes of different ages. Conclusion: Older adults with CKD exhibited a slower decline rate of eGFR, yet they were more likely to develop ESKD following AKI episodes. These results suggest tackling AKI is needed to prevent accelerated initiation of renal replacement therapy in elderly patients with pre-existing CKD.

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Case Report: Isoimmune Thrombocytopenic Purpura in Suckling Pigs

Cited by 7 publications

References 15 publications

Thrombocytopenic purpura on an organic farm with pen mating: a case report on the re-emergence of an old disease

Thrombocytopenic purpura on an organic farm with pen mating: a case report on the re-emergence of an old disease

Enhanced pedotransfer functions with support vector machines to predict water retention of calcareous soil

Age-Dependent Effects of Acute Kidney Injury on End-Stage Kidney Disease and Mortality in Patients with Moderate to Severe Chronic Kidney Disease

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