Case report of peritoneal carcinomatosis of plasma cell origin in a patient with newly diagnosed HIV: A terminal event

Abstract

Background B-cell tumors and plasma cell malignancies have been identified in persons living with the human immunodeficiency virus (PLHIV). The literature review has revealed numerous reports of solitary plasmacytomas with metastasis in PLHIV. Case report A young patient with no prior medical or surgical history presented with tumor lysis syndrome secondary to metastatic plasma cell Epstein-Baer virus (EBV) related malignancy with peritoneal carcinomatosis. The history and clinical picture promptly led to the diagnosis of HIV. The subsequent hospital course was dismal, and lifespan was cut short by multi-organ failure. Conclusion This case is being reported to highlight the suspicion of HIV in patients presenting acutely with aggressive plasma cell malignancies.

Plasmablastic Lymphoma Presenting as Extensive Peritoneal and Retroperitoneal Nodules in an HIV-Positive Patient

“…There is a case report where a HIV-positive patient presented with hepatic capsular implants, large volume abdominopelvic ascites with extensive peritoneal soft tissue thickening/omental caking compatible with peritoneal carcinomatosis, mass-like thickening of the rectum, numerous lytic lesions involving multiple bones, and was found to have plasma cell neoplasm. 17 The incidence of HIV-associated PBL accounts for approximately 2% of all AIDS-related lymphomas. Several case reports and case series have been published, accounting for no more than 250 cases.…”