Case Series and Review of the Literature of Mycobacterium chelonae Infections of the Lower Extremities

Yu, E.; Forg, Patricia; Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F.

doi:10.1053/j.jfas.2019.11.004

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Mycobacterial etiologies are subdivided into three species: Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex ( M. tuberculosis, M. bovis, M. leprae ), Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC), and non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM). M. chelonae represents one of at least 150 distinct species of NTM [ 6 ]. Human-to-human transmission does not occur with NTMs, unlike other species of mycobacterial complexes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Human-to-human transmission does not occur with NTMs, unlike other species of mycobacterial complexes. Rather, NTMs exist freely in the environment and are transmitted through environmental contact [ 6 ]. Rates of NTM infection appear to be higher in the southeastern United States, perhaps due to an environment most suitable for NTM viability [ 7 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Historically classified as either rapid-growing, medium-growing, or slow-growing, M. chelonae represents a rapidly-growing subspecies of NTM. Today, laboratories are increasingly utilizing molecular testing to rapidly identify NTM subspecies [ 6 , 8 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To study the longevity required to successfully treat M. chelonae , one case series noted an average resolution time of M. chelonae to be approximately 24 weeks while on clarithromycin [ 6 ]. The American Thoracic Society (ATS) recommends 4-6 months of treatment for NTM with serial monitoring of the patient’s clinical status to assess for improvement [ 9 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Case of Fastidious Mycobacterium chelonae-Causative Cellulitis: Clinical Manifestations of a Rare Bacterial Infection

Gregory¹,

Gregory²,

Zaman³

et al. 2022

Cureus

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Cellulitis is rarely caused by the organism Mycobacterium chelonae (M. chelonae). In this case report, we detail the clinical course of a 43-year-old female with persistent cellulitis in her right lower extremity despite intensive empiric therapy. The patient was formally diagnosed with Mycobacterium chelonae-causative cellulitis after an extensive workup including a prolonged hospital stay involving surgical biopsy and a delayed result of an acid-fast bacilli stain. The patient was treated appropriately, including a complete resolution of symptoms, with an extended regimen of clarithromycin and doxycycline to target M. chelonae.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Case of Fastidious Mycobacterium chelonae-Causative Cellulitis: Clinical Manifestations of a Rare Bacterial Infection

Gregory¹,

Gregory²,

Zaman³

et al. 2022

Cureus

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“…Clarithromycin has long been the basis of therapy for RGM; however, the antibiotic alone should no longer be used as a monotherapy due to resistance and can be used in M. chelonae infection as empiric therapy when awaiting susceptibility results. Concurrent therapy with two antibiotic agents for 4 to 6 months is recommended (36,42,43). Adjuvant surgical procedures, such as excision, debridement, incision, and drainage, may also be performed.…”

Section: S23mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycobacterium chelonae infection in an immunocompromised patient presenting as multiple papulonodules on the leg

Stančič¹,

Žgavec²,

Suhodolčan³

2022

Acta Dermatovenerologica Alpina Pannonica Et Adriatica

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Skin infections caused by Mycobacterium chelonae: Underestimated, especially in immunocompromised patients

De Krock,

Van de gaer,

André

et al. 2024

JEADV Clinical Practice

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Mycobacterium chelonae infections are rare but significant in immunocompromised patients, often leading to delayed diagnosis due to a specific clinical signs and the difficulty to culture and identify the causative agent with conventional laboratory techniques. We report a case series of five patients presenting with cutaneous infection due to M. chelonae. An extensive review of the literature was accomplished to provide summary data on the clinical presentation, diagnostic methods and treatment options for these infections. Four out of five patients were receiving immunosuppressive treatments. All patients presented after a prolonged history of painful lesions on the extremities. Sampling and definitive diagnosis implied repeated tissue biopsies and a combination of mycobacterial tests. All patients received a combination of antibiotics comprising a macrolide and achieved complete healing of the skin lesions after 4–12 months. Our case report aims to increase awareness of skin infections caused by M. chelonae and emphasises the importance of early implementation of mycobacterial cultures in the diagnosis of painful ulcerations on the extremities that do not improve to standard systemic antibiotics.

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Case Series and Review of the Literature of Mycobacterium chelonae Infections of the Lower Extremities

Cited by 7 publications

References 36 publications

A Case of Fastidious Mycobacterium chelonae-Causative Cellulitis: Clinical Manifestations of a Rare Bacterial Infection

A Case of Fastidious Mycobacterium chelonae-Causative Cellulitis: Clinical Manifestations of a Rare Bacterial Infection

Mycobacterium chelonae infection in an immunocompromised patient presenting as multiple papulonodules on the leg

Skin infections caused by Mycobacterium chelonae: Underestimated, especially in immunocompromised patients

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