Case Studies of Hydraulic Fracture Stress Measurement in Australia

Enever, J.R.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-042066-0.50027-6

Cited by 11 publications

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“…Hydraulic fracturing is undertaken by isolating a section of a wellbore and increasing the fluid pressure within the section until tensile fractures are initiated (Enever, 1993). The orientation of the induced fracture (and thus maximum horizontal stress in vertical wells)…”

Section: Borehole Breakouts Drilling-induced Fractures and Hydraulicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Present-day stress field of Southeast Asia

et al. 2010

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It is now well established that ridge push forces provide a major control on the plate-scale stress field in most of the Earth's tectonic plates. However, the Sunda plate that comprises much of Southeast Asia is one of only two plates not bounded by a major spreading centre and thus provides an opportunity to evaluate other forces that control the intraplate stress field. The Cenozoic tectonic evolution of the Sunda plate is usually considered to be controlled by escape tectonics associated with India-Eurasia collision. However, the Sunda plate is bounded by a poorly understood and complex range of convergent and strike-slip zones and little is known about the effect of these other plate boundaries on the intraplate stress field in the region. We compile the first extensive stress dataset for Southeast Asia, A C C E P T E D M A N U S C R I P T ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPTthe radiating stress patterns arising from the eastern Himalayan syntaxis. However, the present-day maximum horizontal stress is primarily oriented NW-SE in Borneo, a direction that may reflect plate-boundary forces or topographic stresses exerted by the central Borneo highlands. Furthermore, the South and Central Sumatra Basins exhibit a NE-SW maximum horizontal stress direction that is perpendicular to the Indo-Australian subduction front. Hence, the plate-scale stress field in Southeast Asia appears to be controlled by a combination of Himalayan orogeny-related deformation, forces related to subduction (primarily trench suction and collision) and intraplate sources of stress such as topography and basin geometry.

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Section: Borehole Breakouts Drilling-induced Fractures and Hydraulicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Present-day stress field of Southeast Asia

et al. 2010

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“…1. Only field measurement data obtained by hydraulic fracturing and over-coring are utilized, which have been shown to produce consistent results (Enever, 1993;Gale et al, 1984b). Vertical stress was derived using conventional wireline log (long spaced density) interpretation methods (described in the next section).…”

Section: Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Present day stress orientation and magnitude is variable but is generally tends toward east-northeast (Enever and Clark, 1997; (Figure 24). Enever and Clark (1997) the late 1990s from a series of stress magnitude and orientation measurements principally obtained using the overcoring method described by Enever (1993). This map was released at the 'Newcastle Symposium on Advances in the Study of the Sydney Basin' in 1997 but it…”

Section: Sydney Basin Stress Regimementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, the stress magnitude data presented in this paper was obtained from publically available data from a series of measurements that were carried out by overcoring or hydraulic fracturing, much of it overseen by CSIRO, and the methods are detailed by Enever (1993). Stress magnitude data were either read off published charts and maps or sourced from other publications (as cited); therefore, in-depth validation of these results…”

Section: Appendix 1 Reports and Documents Accessed For Borehole Data mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In situ stresses are normally determined from interpreting logs obtained from either over-coring or hydraulic fracturing tests. The particulars of the field tests and their interpretation are detailed elsewhere (Enever, 1993;Zang and Stephansson, 2010). For the current study, consistency in interpretation of the field test results was sought, and for this reason, the horizontal stress dataset used in analysis was collated from literature using these field test methods.…”

Section: In Situ Stress Calculation and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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The role of hydrogeology, in situ stress and temperature logs in the distribution and delineation of coal seam gas regimes

Burra¹

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This thesis explores mechanisms that determine coal seam gas (CSG) distribution and methods for its delineation. Understanding the distribution of gas content and composition underpins exploration and forecasting, as well as estimation of fugitive emissions from coal mines. Coal seam gas origins are variable, and thermogenic hydrocarbon accumulations are often supplemented by inorganic carbon dioxide and microbial methane in many reservoirs. The generation of these gases is dependent on geological and hydrogeological parameters relating to reservoir geometry and permeability.Specifically, this thesis examined: Hydro-geochemical controls on gas distributions and the apparent vertical zonation of gas reservoirs in the Sydney Basin, Australia; The role of in situ stress in regulating water and gas migration (and/or accumulation); and  Utilisation of wireline temperature logging to enhance existing gas and geological exploration methods.The Sydney Basin is a coal-bearing sedimentary basin in eastern Australia. It is bounded by a series of highlands in the north, west and south and drains towards the centre and then to the east of the basin. Coal seam gas occurrence is laterally extensive and comprises layers of biogenic and thermogenic hydrocarbons and carbon dioxide. The zonation of these gases is regular and cross-cuts regional bedding dip; however, the sequence of gases varies with geographical position within the basin. Inland areas host a CO 2 -rich zone between the shallow biogenic and deep thermogenic hydrocarbon layers, whereas coastal locations are devoid of CO 2 , even in the vicinity of igneous intrusives.Gas contents typically increase with depth and peak at around 600-800m, below which volumes decrease to the base of the coal-bearing sequences. Carbon isotope data mirror this trend; both δ 13 C-CH 4 and δ 13 C-CO 2 increase with depth down to 800m, and then stabilise. These results confirm the respective biogenic and thermogenic hydrocarbon origins; however, carbon dioxide results are more complex. Conventional interpretation of CO 2 origin is limited to deep-seated magmatic sources; however, many of the δ 13 C-CO 2 ii values in the basin are outside of the traditionally assigned range. Investigations reveal that meteoric water enriched with positive cations (such as fresh rainwater in highland recharge areas) routinely dissolve carbonate mineralisation and transport bicarbonate down-gradient. Groundwater chemistry evolves along flow paths from fresh to saline composition and this causes re-precipitation of minerals. In some areas, the bicarbonate saturated waters can get trapped and, due to partial-pressure and groundwater salinity changes, liberate CO 2 gas which then adsorbs to the coal matrix. Saline groundwaters in coastal regions preclude the development of CO 2 -rich gas accumulations, instead hosting extensive hydrocarbon reservoirs.Groundwater infiltration and gas migration are dependent on permeability that primarily occurs via fractures and coal cleats. Horizontal stress is critica...

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Crack Opening and Slippage Signatures During Stimulation of Bedded Montney Rock Under Laboratory True-Triaxial Hydraulic Fracturing Experiments

Abdelaziz,

Grasselli

2024

Rock Mech Rock Eng

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Case Studies of Hydraulic Fracture Stress Measurement in Australia

Cited by 11 publications

References 0 publications

Present-day stress field of Southeast Asia

Present-day stress field of Southeast Asia

The role of hydrogeology, in situ stress and temperature logs in the distribution and delineation of coal seam gas regimes

Crack Opening and Slippage Signatures During Stimulation of Bedded Montney Rock Under Laboratory True-Triaxial Hydraulic Fracturing Experiments

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