Case study of rain attenuation at 26 GHz in tropical region (Malaysia) for terrestrial link

Ulaganathen, Kesavan; Tharek, A.R.; Islam, Md. Rafiqul; Abdullah, Khaizuran

doi:10.1109/micc.2015.7725443

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…In [40], the rainfall rates are 127 and 185 mm/h for 0.01% and 0.001% percentages of time, respectively. However, in [51], the rainfall rates are 120 and 168 mm/h for 0.01% and 0.001% percentages of time, respectively. The rain rates based on measurements in 1999 [40] are more than the rain rates in May 2011 to Jun 2012 [51] by 7 and 17 mm/h for 0.01% and 0.001% percentages of time, respectively.…”

Section: Comparison Study Of Rain Attenuation At K and E-bands Atmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…However, in [51], the rainfall rates are 120 and 168 mm/h for 0.01% and 0.001% percentages of time, respectively. The rain rates based on measurements in 1999 [40] are more than the rain rates in May 2011 to Jun 2012 [51] by 7 and 17 mm/h for 0.01% and 0.001% percentages of time, respectively. Here, the measurements were conducted at different locations and time, as discussed in SectionV.…”

Section: Comparison Study Of Rain Attenuation At K and E-bands Atmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…In Prague, the rain attenuation over 4 years of measurements along 5.5 km link varies between 20 to 35 dB and 17 to 31 dB at 0.01% of time (20-60 mm/h rain rates) for horizontal and vertical polarizations, respectively [65]. In Johor Bahru, Malaysia [51], [52], at the same percentage of time 0.01%, the rain rate of 120 mm/h is twice the rain rate in Prague, Czech Republic. The rain attenuation at 26 GHz in Malaysia is 34 dB at 0.01% of time along 1.3 km horizontal polarization link.…”

Section: Comparison Study Of Rain Attenuation At K and E-bands Atmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The rational of these variances is the difference of geographic area of the measurement and the time. In [40] and [51], the measurements were conducted at the same area in Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Skudai in different years; 1999 and 2011 to 2012, respectively. In [40], the rainfall rates are 127 and 185 mm/h for 0.01% and 0.001% percentages of time, respectively.…”

Section: Comparison Study Of Rain Attenuation At K and E-bands Atmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Statistical Analysis of Rain at Millimeter Waves in Tropical Area

et al. 2020

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The high frequencies of millimeter wave (mm-wave) bands have been recognized for the fifth generation (5G) and beyond wireless communication networks. However, the radio propagation channel at high frequencies can be largely influenced by rain attenuation, especially in tropical regions with high rainfall intensity. In this paper, we present the results of rainfall intensity and rain attenuation in tropical regions based on one-year measurement campaign. The measurements were conducted from September 2018 until September 2019 at 21.8 GHz (K-band) and 73.5 GHz (E-band) in Malaysia. The rainfall intensity was collected using three rain gauges installed along a 1.8 km link. The rain attenuation is computed from the difference between the measured minimum received signal level (RSL) during clear sky and rain conditions. The measured rain rate and rain attenuation distributions are then analysed and benchmarked with several previous measurements and well-known prediction models such as the ITU-R P. 530-17. The rainfall rate results showed that the best agreement between the measured rainfall rate in Malaysia and the ITU-R PN.837-1 prediction value for Zone P is up to 0.01% of time (99.99% of time agrees well and only disagrees for 0.01% of time). For the E-band, the maximum measured rain attenuation exceeding 0.03% of the year is around 40.1 and 20 dB for 1.8 and 0.3 km links, respectively, at the maximum rain rate of 108 mm/h. For the K-band, the maximum rain attenuation exceeding 0.01% of the year is around 31 dB for the 1.8 km link. Finally, the rain rates exceeding 108 and 180 mm/h at 73.5 and 21.8 GHz, respectively, along the 1.8 km path caused an outage on our measurement setup. The rain rate of 193 mm/h and above caused an outage for the 0.3 km E-band link. The experimental data as well as the presented data analysis can be utilized for efficient planning and deployments of mm-wave wireless communication systems in tropical regions.

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Section: Comparison Study Of Rain Attenuation At K and E-bands Atmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Comparison Study Of Rain Attenuation At K and E-bands Atmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Comparison Study Of Rain Attenuation At K and E-bands Atmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Comparison Study Of Rain Attenuation At K and E-bands Atmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Statistical Analysis of Rain at Millimeter Waves in Tropical Area

et al. 2020

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“…Abdulrahman proposed a prediction model which exhibited the overall best performance, and the da Silva Mello model seems to be the second preferable model [12]. Furthermore, performances of these models are analyzed in [13][14][15] which studied the suitable model for the prediction of rain attenuation in terrestrial links. Moupfouma [10] and Abdulrahman's [11] models are affected by use of the rainfall rate at 0.01% of the time with a 1-minute integration time, averaged over a period of three years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rain Attenuation Study over an 18 GHz Terrestrial Microwave Link in South Korea

Shrestha

Choi

2019

International Journal of Antennas and Propagation

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Absorption of microwave radio frequency signal by atmospheric rain and losses is prevalent at frequencies above 5 GHz. The functioning frequencies of 18 GHz are taken for the point-to-point microwave link system. This paper presents studies on rain attenuation at 18 GHz, which specifies minimum performance parameters for terrestrial fixed service digital radio communication equipment. It presents a 3.2 km experimental link at 18 GHz between Khumdang (Korea Telecom, KT station) and Icheon (National Radio Research Agency, RRA station). The received signal data for rain attenuation and the rain rate were collected at 10-second intervals over three year’s periods from 2013 to 2015. During the observation period, rain rates of about 50 mm/hr and attenuation values of 33.38 dB and 21.88 dB occurred for 0.01% of the time for horizontal and vertical polarization. This paper highlights the discussion and comparison of ITU-R P.530-16, Moupfouma, Silva Mello, and Abdulrahman models and proposed an attenuation prediction approach where it presents the relationship between theoretical specific rain attenuation as specified by ITU-R P.838-3, γ%p, and effective specific rain attenuation, γeff. Additionally, it studies 1-minute rain rates derived from higher time integration of 5-minute, 10-minute, 20-minute, 30-minute, and 60-minute instances which are obtained from experimental 1-minute rainfall amounts that are maintained by the Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA). The effectiveness of the proposed approach is further analyzed for 38 and 75 GHz links which shows better prediction capability. Particularly, in an 18 GHz link under horizontal polarization, ITU-R P. 530-16 shows the relative error margin of 71%, 60%, and 38% where as 64%, 49%, and 42% were obtained under vertical polarization for 0.1%, 0.01%, and 0.001% of the time, respectively. The limitation of research lies on the experimental system that is set up in only one location; however, the preliminary results indicate the application of a suitable 1-minute rain attenuation model for a specific site. The method provides useful information for microwave engineers and researchers in making decisions over the choice of the most suitable rain attenuation prediction for terrestrial links operating in the South Korea region, particularly for lower frequency ranges.

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Comparative Analysis of Rain Attenuation Prediction Models for Terrestrial Links in Different Climates

Wang

2021

Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering

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Case study of rain attenuation at 26 GHz in tropical region (Malaysia) for terrestrial link

Cited by 7 publications

References 11 publications

Statistical Analysis of Rain at Millimeter Waves in Tropical Area

Statistical Analysis of Rain at Millimeter Waves in Tropical Area

Rain Attenuation Study over an 18 GHz Terrestrial Microwave Link in South Korea

Comparative Analysis of Rain Attenuation Prediction Models for Terrestrial Links in Different Climates

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