Case Study on Fire Resistance of Sandwiches for Means of Transport

Abstract

These days there are undeniably unique materials that, however, must also meet demanding safety requirements. In the case of vehicles, these are undoubtedly excellent fire protection characteristics. The aim of the work is to experimentally verify the proposed material compositions for long-term heat loads and the effect of thickness, the number of laminating layers (prepregs) as well as structures with different types of cores (primarily honeycomb made of Nomex paper type T722 of different densities, aluminum honeycomb and PET foam) and composite coating based on a glass-reinforced phenolic matrix. The selected materials are suitable candidates for intelligent sandwich structures, usable especially for interior cladding applications in the industry for the production of means of public transport (e.g., train units, trams, buses, hybrid vehicles).

Fire Ignition and Propagation in Hidden Zones of Aircrafts: A Novel Confined Fire Apparatus (CFA) for Flame Spreading Investigation

“…Below 50 kW/m 2 , onestage combustion was observed, as the detachment of the upper layer of fibers during the fire inhibited heat transfer to the underlying material and the release of flammable volatiles in the fire zone. Burning behavior was significantly affected by the structure of the surface layer and the honeycomb core, as discussed in [33]. Thermal and flammability properties of the tested material, including thermal inertia kρc and ignition temperature T ig , were deduced from cone calorimeter measurements according to ISO 5660 and calculations based on the correlation of ignition data, as described in [34][35][36][37].…”

“…The horizontal distance of the flame front, x f , and the flame tip, x t , were digitized on sequential frames and used to estimate the respective spread rates. structure of the surface layer and the honeycomb core, as discussed in [33]. Thermal and flammability properties of the tested material, including thermal inertia kρc and ignition temperature Tig, were deduced from cone calorimeter measurements according to ISO 5660 and calculations based on the correlation of ignition data, as described in [34][35][36][37].…”

How to Reduce the Flammability of Plastics and Textiles through Surface Treatments: Recent Advances

“…Koštial and co-workers [8] investigated the fire characteristics of sandwich structures that are employed to construct external or internal parts of vehicles. In this study, different parameters were taken into account, namely the sandwich thickness (i.e., the number of laminating layered prepregs), the type of core material (PET foam, honeycomb made of Nomex paper type T722 of different densities, and aluminum honeycomb), and the possible application of a composite coating based on a glass-reinforced phenolic matrix.…”