Case Study on the Distribution of Precipitable Water Associated with Local Circulation Using the Split-Window Data of a NOAA Satellite

Iwasaki, H.

doi:10.2151/jmsj1965.77.3_711

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…This is due to the downflow seaward of the SBF. Iwasaki () and Sasaki and Kimura () pointed out that downflows occurred seaward of the SBF because the increase in precipitable water was small in the sea breeze circulation region over the Kanto Plain. This downflow corresponded to the surface divergence due to sea breeze circulation.…”

Section: Case Study (4 August 2006)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of sea breeze penetration over urban areas on midsummer temperature distributions in the Tokyo Metropolitan area

Yamato

Mikami

Takahashi

2017

Intl Journal of Climatology

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We investigate the relationship between sea breeze penetration and anomalously high summer daytime temperatures in the inland suburbs of Tokyo, with consideration of the relative position of sea breeze fronts. We use data from the high-density temperature observation network (Extended-METROS) established by our research group to clarify in detail the mechanisms creating these high-temperature areas.We conducted case and composite analyses of the temperature and wind distributions when typical sea breeze fronts developed. The observations showed that the highest temperatures were near Kawagoe City in the early afternoon, which is 40 km leeward of central Tokyo, on all days analysed, and that the high-temperature inland areas were located leeward of Tokyo. The high temperatures near Kawagoe City were not observed by the Automated Meteorological Data Acquisition System (AMeDAS). From the case and composite analyses, there was a 2-h time lag between the sea breeze front penetrating the area leeward of Tokyo and extreme high temperatures being observed around Kawagoe City. Significant divergence was also observed during this time, and a decrease in the dew point temperature was also observed around Kawagoe City on the case study day; these conditions persisted for approximately 2 h. These results suggest the existence of a subsidence flow near Kawagoe City, and the resulting adiabatic compression heating contributed to the observed extreme high temperatures. In the late evening, a high-temperature band was observed leeward of the northern suburbs of Tokyo, even though southerly sea breezes were recorded over the entire Kanto Plain, and cold advection dominated at that time. However, the cold advection in this high-temperature band was less notable than in the periphery. Thus, temperature declines were small in this area, and overall temperatures remained relatively high.

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Section: Case Study (4 August 2006)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of sea breeze penetration over urban areas on midsummer temperature distributions in the Tokyo Metropolitan area

Yamato

Mikami

Takahashi

2017

Intl Journal of Climatology

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“…As shown by the contour lines (black line is 500m and white line is 1000m) superimposed on figure6(a), the whole ATSR2 data on 16 April 1999 covers three high mountains located respectively in the south-east of the image (mountain peak is about 3000 m), at the upper left corner (peak is about 2400m) and at the upper right corner (peak is about 1200m). Since the method assumes that the atmospheric conditions are invariant for all pixels in a box and changes in topography in the box may lead to changes in water vapour content in the atmosphere, then special consideration should be taken into account over the mountainous regions, as pointed out by Iwasaki (1999). According to the quality indicator (r2) in figure 6(b), only one box in the region (Line 300-350, Column 50-100) is rejected and a few boxes are uncertain, which implies that our algorithm is still applicable to the mountainous regions, at least for this image.…”

Section: Results and Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new approach for retrieving precipitable water from ATSR2 split-window channel data over land area

Li²,

Su³

et al. 2003

International Journal of Remote Sensing

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A new approach for retrieving precipitable water from ATSR2 split-window channel data over land area, International Journal of Remote Sensing, 24:24, 5095-5117, Abstract. This paper presents a new algorithm to determine quantitatively column water vapour content ( W) directly from ATSR2 (Along-Track Scanner Radiometer) Split-Window radiance measurements. First, the Split-Window Covariance-Variance Ratio (SWCVR) method is reviewed. The assumptions made to derive this method are highlighted and its applicability is discussed. Then, an operational use of this method is developed and applied to several ATSR2 datasets. The water vapour contents retrieved using ATSR2 data from SGP'97 (USA), Barrax (Spain) and Cabauw (The Netherlands) are in good agreement with those measured by the quasi-si~nultaneous radiosonde. The mean and the standard deviation of their difference are 0.04 g cm-' and 0.22 g cmp', respectively. It is shown that water vapour content derived from ATSR2 data using the proposed algorithm is accurate enough in most cases for surface temperature determination with a split-window technique using ATSR2 data and for atmospheric corrections in visible and near-infrared channels of ATSR2.

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“…The local circulation, induced by the thermal imbalance between the plain and mountains, causes diurnal variations of water vapor (Kimura andKuwagata 1993, 1995). The range of the diurnal variation of PW frequently reaches values over 10mm at Gunma University located in a semi-basin (Iwasaki and Ohbayashi 1998;Iwasaki 1999). In the daytime hours of summer sunny days, water vapor is transported from the plain to the mountains, and during the nighttime to early morning, in the opposite direction (Kimura and Tanikawa 1997;Iwasaki 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of the Moisture Gradient on the Accuracy of Precipitable Water Derived from GPS data

Iwasaki

Kimura

Nakagawa

et al. 2000

Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan

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One of the major sources of the error in estimating precipitable water derived from GPS data is horizontal gradient of the moisture. Several characteristics of the error were investigated in comparison with water-vapor radiometer measurements.The GPS-precipitable water (GPS PW) exhibited good agreement with precipitable water derived from water-vapor radiometer measurements. The correlation coefficient and rms error for this coparison were determined as 0.991 and 1.93mm, respectively.The estimation errors for the GPS PW can be divided into two components based on the time scale of the variation. The first components of the error has low frequency with the time scal of several days, with an amplitude of about 2.5mm. This estimation error was negatively correlated with the north-south component of the GPS-PW gradient derived from GPS data. The GPS PW was overestimated under the condition in which water vapor increased southward.

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Case Study on the Distribution of Precipitable Water Associated with Local Circulation Using the Split-Window Data of a NOAA Satellite

Cited by 8 publications

References 13 publications

Impact of sea breeze penetration over urban areas on midsummer temperature distributions in the Tokyo Metropolitan area

Impact of sea breeze penetration over urban areas on midsummer temperature distributions in the Tokyo Metropolitan area

A new approach for retrieving precipitable water from ATSR2 split-window channel data over land area

The Influence of the Moisture Gradient on the Accuracy of Precipitable Water Derived from GPS data

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