Case study on the first immigration of fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda invading into China

Sun, Xiaoxu; Hu, Cheng; Jia, H. Y.; Wu, Qiong; Shen, Xiujing; Zhao, Shengyuan; Jiang, Yuying; Wu, Kongming

doi:10.1016/s2095-3119(19)62839-x

Cited by 243 publications

(166 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…1,2 In early 2018, this pest was detected in India and by December of that year it started to invade China. 3 Currently, the presence of S. frugiperda has been confirmed in most Asian countries and also in Australia. 4,5 Assessment of 12 African countries by the FAO showed that corn damaged produced by fall armyworm reached up to 17.7 million tons in 2018.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Two ABC transporters are differentially involved in the toxicity of two Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1 toxins to the invasive crop‐pest Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith)

Jin

Yang

Shan

et al. 2020

Pest Management Science

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BACKGROUND The fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda is a major agricultural pest that has invaded the East Hemisphere since 2016, generating a serious threat to food security worldwide including Africa and Asia. The Cry toxins produced by Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) have been shown to be effective against this insect pest. In different insect ABC transporters (ABCC2 or ABCC3) have been shown to be involved as receptors of some Cry1 toxins. Here we analyzed the role of SfABCC2 and SfABCC3 in the toxicity of Cry1Fa and Cry1Ab toxins in this insect pest. RESULTS Two S. frugiperda SfABCC2 and SfABCC3 knockout strains, coding for potential functional Bt receptors, were created using CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing system. Both knockout strains showed resistance to both Cry1Fa and Cry1Ab toxins compared with the susceptible strain. SfABCC2 knockout strain showed higher resistance to both Cry toxins than SfABCC3 knockout strain, suggesting a major role of SfABCC2 in the mode of action of these Cry toxins. In addition, expression of SfABCC2 and SfABCC3 genes in Trichoplusia ni Hi5 cells also increased the susceptibility to Cry1Ab and Cry1Fa toxins, in agreement with the genome editing results. The double knockout of SfABCC2 and SfABCC3 strain was not viable in contrast to other lepidopteran species. Furthermore, we report here that SfABCC2 or SfABCC3 knockout strains increased their susceptibility to abamectin and spinosad insecticides. CONCLUSION We provide functional evidence that in S. frugiperda these two ABCC transporters serve as receptors of Bt Cry1Fa and Cry1Ab toxins. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Two ABC transporters are differentially involved in the toxicity of two Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1 toxins to the invasive crop‐pest Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith)

Jin

Yang

Shan

et al. 2020

Pest Management Science

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“…Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is a moth native to the Western Hemisphere where it is a major pest of corn and several other crops. Its discovery in western Africa in 2016 [1] and subsequent detections in eastern and southern Africa (2017) [2,3], India (2018) [4], southeastern Asia (2018-2019) [2,5], and most recently in Australia (2020) [6], presents a threat to agriculture in the Eastern Hemisphere estimated to be in the billions USD with corn (maize) the most impacted [3]. The potential for losses in other crops is significant given fall armyworm behavior in the Western Hemisphere where it is capable of feeding on over 350 different host plants, although consistent economic damage is generally limited to corn, rice, sorghum, millet, soybean, wheat, alfalfa, cotton, turf, and feed grass crops [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The fall armyworm strain associated with most rice, millet, and pasture infestations in the Western Hemisphere is rare or absent in Ghana and Togo

et al. 2021

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The moth pest fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is now present throughout much of the Eastern Hemisphere where it poses a significant economic threat to a number of crops. Native to the Western Hemisphere, fall armyworm is one of the primary pests of corn in the Americas and periodically causes significant economic damage to sorghum, millet, cotton, rice, and forage grasses. This broad host range is in part the result of two populations historically designated as host strains (C-strain and R-strain) that differ in their host plant preferences. Reports of infestations in Africa have to date mostly been limited to the C-strain preferred crops of corn and sorghum, with little evidence of an R-strain presence. However, this could reflect a bias in monitoring intensity, with the R-strain perhaps being more prevalent in other crop systems that have not been as routinely examined for the pest. Because knowledge of whether and to what extent both strains are present is critical to assessments of crops at immediate risk, we analyzed specimens obtained from a systematic survey of pasture grass and rice fields, habitats typically preferred by the R-strain, done contemporaneously with collections from corn fields in Ghana and Togo. Substantial larval infestations were only observed in corn, while pheromone trap capture numbers were high only in corn and rice habitats. Little to no fall armyworm were found in the pasture setting. Comparisons with a meta-analysis of studies from South America identified differences in the pattern of strain-specific markers typically found in fall armyworm collected from rice habitats between the two hemispheres. Genetic tests of specimens from rice and corn area traps failed to show evidence of differential mating between strains. These results are consistent with the R-strain being rare or even absent in Africa and, at least for the Ghana-Togo area, this R-strain lack does not appear to be due to limitations in pest monitoring. The implications of these results to the crops at risk in Africa and the accuracy of existing molecular markers of strain identity are discussed.

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“…Fall armyworm are newly invasive into the Eastern hemisphere, making accurate management information vital. Populations were first detected throughout Africa in 2016, 18,19 India in early 2018, 20,21 South‐East Asia in late 2018, 22 China in 2019, 23,24 and Australia in early 2020 25 . Fall armyworm in Africa and India likely originated from either Florida or the Caribbean 26–28 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oviposition preferences, Bt susceptibilities, and tissue feeding of fall armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) host strains

Ingber

McDonald

Mason

et al. 2021

Pest Management Science

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BACKGROUND The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith), is a pest of many economically essential crops across several continents. Documentation of resistance to Bt toxins has caused growing concern in agricultural communities regarding the ability to keep fall armyworm populations below economic thresholds. The existence of two host strains referred to as the ‘rice’ and ‘corn’ strains is a complicating and under‐researched factor of fall armyworm biology and management. It is essential to characterize the differences between the host strains, as well as their rice/corn hybrid offspring, to elucidate their contributions to field‐evolved resistance. RESULTS Corn was a preferred oviposition host for both rice and corn strain fall armyworm, and a suitable larval host plant for each of the four populations tested. Corn strain females displayed a significant preference towards oviposition on plants that lacked mechanical damage. The rice strain population was generally less tolerant to Cry1F corn tissue than the corn strain and hybrid populations, which performed in a similar way to one another. CONCLUSION The preference for corn as an ovipositional host may have an impact on resistance management when coupled with differential host strain Bt tolerances, though more studies are needed. Hybrid tolerance to Bt toxins could possibly contribute to the evolution of Bt resistance. This is the first study to compare the larval fitness and survival of rice/corn hybrid fall armyworm to that of pure host strains using a tissue‐based approach.

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Case study on the first immigration of fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda invading into China

Cited by 243 publications

References 24 publications

Two ABC transporters are differentially involved in the toxicity of two Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1 toxins to the invasive crop‐pest Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith)

Two ABC transporters are differentially involved in the toxicity of two Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1 toxins to the invasive crop‐pest Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith)

The fall armyworm strain associated with most rice, millet, and pasture infestations in the Western Hemisphere is rare or absent in Ghana and Togo

Oviposition preferences, Bt susceptibilities, and tissue feeding of fall armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) host strains

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