CASE STUDY: Productivity, quality characteristics, and beef cattle performance from cool-season annual forage mixtures

Mullenix, Mary K; Bungenstab, E.J.; Lin, Jiahui; Gamble, Brian Earl; Muntifering, Russell B.

doi:10.15232/s1080-7446(15)30371-5

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 18 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In a 3-yr study with steers, Pereira (2009) found that steers grazing oats had greater gain/ha than those grazing rye or ARG (504 kg/ha vs. 425 and 408 kg/ ha, respectively). Similar results were observed by Mullenix et al (2012) when these species were compared as two-or three-way mixtures in a 1-yr demonstration trial for grazed stocker cattle systems in Headland, AL. Several stocker cattle grazing trials conducted in southern Alabama reported that ADG ranged from 1.1 to 1.5 kg for small grains grown alone or in two-or three-way mixtures with ARG (Pereira, 2009;Mullenix et al, 2012Mullenix et al, , 2014Marchant, 2014).…”

Section: Animal Performancesupporting

confidence: 74%

“…Similar results were observed by Mullenix et al (2012) when these species were compared as two-or three-way mixtures in a 1-yr demonstration trial for grazed stocker cattle systems in Headland, AL. Several stocker cattle grazing trials conducted in southern Alabama reported that ADG ranged from 1.1 to 1.5 kg for small grains grown alone or in two-or three-way mixtures with ARG (Pereira, 2009;Mullenix et al, 2012Mullenix et al, , 2014Marchant, 2014). Oats and ARG grown alone were superior to rye in supporting animal performance, and mixtures containing oats consistently supported greater animal performance than mixtures of rye + ARG (Mullenix et al, 2012).…”

Section: Animal Performancesupporting

confidence: 74%

“…Several stocker cattle grazing trials conducted in southern Alabama reported that ADG ranged from 1.1 to 1.5 kg for small grains grown alone or in two-or three-way mixtures with ARG (Pereira, 2009;Mullenix et al, 2012Mullenix et al, , 2014Marchant, 2014). Oats and ARG grown alone were superior to rye in supporting animal performance, and mixtures containing oats consistently supported greater animal performance than mixtures of rye + ARG (Mullenix et al, 2012). Wheat and ARG monocultures supported a greater level of animal performance than triticale, but no differences in performance were observed among mixtures of wheat and triticale with ARG (Marchant, 2014).…”

Section: Animal Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Animal performance and environmental efficiency of cool- and warm-season annual grazing systems

Dillard

Hancock

Harmon

et al. 2018

Journal of Animal Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Annual forage crops can provide short-term grazing between crop rotations or can be interseeded into perennial pastures to increase forage quality and productivity. They also provide an opportunity to increase the economic and environmental sustainability of grazing systems. Cool-season annual forage crops provide high-quality, abundant forage biomass when forage availability from perennial forage species is lacking, reducing the need for stored feeds during the winter months. For example, ADG of 1.5 kg have been reported using small grains alone and in mixtures with annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) while maintaining an average stocking rate of 3.5 animals/ha. No-till (NT) establishment has been shown to be as effective as conventional tillage for establishing small grain pastures. Stocker performance during the fall was not affected by tillage treatment, but during the spring grazeout, BW gain per hectare was 8% greater in NT pastures. An in vitro study showed that daily production of CH4 was 84% lower, respectively, in turnip (Brassica rapa L.) and rapeseed (B. napus L.) diets compared with annual ryegrass. Warm-season annuals are frequently used during the summer forage slump when perennial pasture growth and quality are reduced. Research has shown that brown mid-rib sorghum × sudangrass (BMR SSG; Sorghum bicolor L. × S. arundinaceous Desv.) and pearl millet (PM; Pennisteum glaucum L.R. Br.) with crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop.) tended to have greater ADG (0.98 kg) than sorghum × sudangrass or peal millet alone (0.85 kg). However, non-BMR and BMR SSG tended to have greater gains per hectare than PM or PM + crabgrass (246, 226, 181, and 188 kg/ha, respectively). Feeding of brown mid-rib sorghum × sudangrass reduced daily production of CH4 and CH4 per gram of NDF fed by 66% and 50%, respectively, compared with a perennial cool-season forage in continuous culture. Cool- and warm-season annual pastures not only provide increased animal gains, but also increase soil cover and in vitro data suggest that annual forages (i.e., brassicas and warm-season annual grasses) decrease enteric CH4 emissions. Establishment method, grazing management, and weather conditions all play important roles in the productivity and environmental impact of these systems. A more complete life cycle analysis is needed to better characterize how management and climatic conditions impact the long-term economic and environmental sustainability of grazing annuals.

show abstract

Section: Animal Performancesupporting

confidence: 74%

Section: Animal Performancesupporting

confidence: 74%

Section: Animal Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Animal performance and environmental efficiency of cool- and warm-season annual grazing systems

Dillard

Hancock

Harmon

et al. 2018

Journal of Animal Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The DE content for each concentrate sample was calculated using the formula DE (Mcal/kg) = 4.07 − 0.055 × (%ADF) (NRC, 2007). Total nonstructural carbohydrate (TNC) content of the concentrates was analyzed by the Department of Agronomy in the College of Agriculture at Auburn University using a modification of an established procedure to determine total available carbohydrates (Mullenix et al, 2012).…”

Section: Laboratory Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glucose and insulin responses to delayed rate of intake of concentrate meals by horses

Wagner

Bland

Muntifering

et al. 2013

The Professional Animal Scientist

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Pronounced changes in postprandial blood glucose and insulin concentrations in horses may be problematic for horses with metabolic disorders. Research has identified specific grains and processing methods for attenuating glycemic response to concentrate meals, and other methods of manipulating concentrate meals are needed when these are not available to horse caretakers. Controlling rate of intake of a concentrate meal through portioning may be one method that could attenuate glycemic response. In 2 experiments, a serial blood draw was performed in conjunction with offering of a concentrate meal to follow postprandial changes in plasma glucose and insulin. Meals were portioned into smaller allotments and offered at 15-min increments. In Exp. 1, 8 horses received 4 Mcal of DE from oats or sweet feed divided into 1, 2, 3, or 4 portions. Glucose and insulin area-under-the-curve concentrations and peak concentration values were not different between feed types or among portioning treatments (P > 0.05). In Exp. 2, the equivalent of 8 Mcal of DE divided into 1, 3, or 5 portions was offered to 6 horses fed a conventional sweet feed or a sweet feed with grains processed to minimize glycemic response. Horses consuming conventional sweet feed had greater glucose and insulin areaunder-the-curve concentrations (P < 0.05) that may have been due to differences in total nonstructural carbohydrate content of the 2 feedstuffs. Portioning of the concentrate meal had no effect (P > 0.05) on postprandial glucose and insulin responses in Exp. 2. Delaying the rate of intake of a concentrate meal under these conditions did not alter glycemic response.

show abstract

“…A study comparing annual ryegrass with triticale-ryegrass mixture found that cattle gains were not different between the two treatments and the two-species mixture was more expensive (Vendramini et al, 2016). Cattle gains were higher in an oat-ryegrass mixture than a rye-ryegrass mixture; however, addition of rye in the oat-ryegrass mixture did not improve gains above the oat-ryegrass (Mullenix et al, 2012). In a 2-year study on calves grazing wheat or wheat plus radish, calf gains were equivalent (P = 0.63; Farney unpublished data).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Composition, Forage Production, and Costs Are Variable in Three‐Way Cover Crop Mixes as Fall Forage

Farney

Sassenrath

Davis

et al. 2018

Crop Forage & Turfgrass Mgmt

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Core Ideas Brassicas predominate percent composition of mixture in a warmer, higher‐moisture year. Grasses and legumes produce more forage mass in cooler, lower‐moisture environment. Oats and barley produced more forage mass than wheat or rye for 90 days after planting. Radishes produced more forage mass than turnips. Winter pea yielded more forage mass than berseem clover. The purpose of this study is to evaluate plant species composition and forage mass production in three‐way cover crop mixtures and evaluate costs associated with specific plant species in a mixture. A 2‐year study (2014 and 2015) was completed in a randomized complete block design with 16 mixtures composed of a grass/brassica/legume combination based on four grass species, two brassica species, and two legume species. Brassicas and grasses together contributed between 54 and 100% of the total forage mass in mixtures. Brassicas were a greater portion of the composition in 2014 than 2015 while grasses and legumes made up a higher percentage of the composition in 2015 than 2014. Oats (Avena sativa) produced more forage mass than barley (Hordeum vulgare) with wheat (Triticum aestivium) and rye (Secale cereal) producing the lowest forage mass. Radish (Raphanus sativus) produced more forage mass than turnip (Brassica rapa), and winter pea (Pisum sativum subsp. arvense) had greater forage mass production than berseem clover (Trifolium alexandrinum). In six of eight mixtures, radish growth altered grass composition within year; peas contributed little to the biomass composition regardless of year, and all brassicas had a higher percent biomass production in 2014 than 2015. As fall forage for cattle, oats are the most economical option for grass. Both radish and turnip are similarly priced based on production; and clover is a cheaper legume option, even with limited growth.

show abstract

CASE STUDY: Productivity, quality characteristics, and beef cattle performance from cool-season annual forage mixtures

Cited by 12 publications

References 18 publications

Animal performance and environmental efficiency of cool- and warm-season annual grazing systems

Animal performance and environmental efficiency of cool- and warm-season annual grazing systems

Glucose and insulin responses to delayed rate of intake of concentrate meals by horses

Composition, Forage Production, and Costs Are Variable in Three‐Way Cover Crop Mixes as Fall Forage

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About