Cash-Less Economy Policy and Remote-on-USS ATM Transaction Fee in Nigeria

Alawiye-Adams, Adewale Adegoke; Awoyemi, Bosede Olanike

doi:10.2139/ssrn.2528608

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Several countries allow banks, MNOs, or non-bank financial institutions to charge fees for CICO services, including Nigeria ( Adam & Awoyemi, 2014), Kenya ( European Investment Bank, 2014; Jansen, 2010), Uganda ( Duncombe, 2012), and the Philippines ( Alampay, 2010). In addition, some countries including Cambodia, the Philippines, Kenya, and Indonesia allow banks and MNOs to charge interbank and inter-entity fees for transfers ( Asian Development Bank, 2017).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of the 41 documents reviewed, 30 discuss regulations related to identification requirements. Of these 30 documents, 17 simply state the existence of identification requirements for financial services or the existence of KYC/CDD and AML/CFT regulations in low- and middle-income countries ( Adam & Awoyemi, 2014; Akhter & Khalily, 2017; Alampay, 2010; Bangladesh Business News, 2017; CGAP, 2010a; CGAP, 2010b; CGAP, 2010c; Claessens & Rojas-Suarez, 2016; Di Castri & Gidvani, 2014; Duncombe, 2012; European Investment Bank, 2014; Gupta, 2016; Jansen, 2010; Kemal & Yan, 2015; Maurer et al , 2013; Muthiora, 2015; Oluwafemi & Ola, 2014).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mobile money and branchless banking regulations affecting cash-in, cash-out networks in low- and middle-income countries

et al. 2018

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Background: We examined recent trends in mobile money and branchless banking regulations related to cash-in, cash-out (CICO) networks (physical access points allowing users to exchange physical cash and electronic money) in low- and middle-income countries, and reviewed evidence on the impacts of CICO regulations on markets and financial inclusion. Methods: Regulation and literature searches began in August 2017 and concluded in June 2018. For the regulatory search we compiled an original database of regulations targeting CICO networks in Bangladesh, India, Indonesia, Kenya, Nigeria, Pakistan, Tanzania, and Uganda. To review evidence of impacts of regulations we conducted additional global searches on Scopus, Google Scholar, and Google using keywords for specific regulatory approaches (e.g., regulation of CICO agents) or hypothesized impacts (e.g., financial inclusion). Results: The resulting database of CICO regulations in the eight focus countries includes 127 regulatory documents, which we coded for four groups of regulations, namely: Business Channel Requirements; Agent Requirements; Regulations on Caps, Fees and Charges; and Customer Identification Requirements. Early CICO regulations focused on agent selection rules, limits on fees, and know-your-customer requirements. More recent waves of regulation have expanded or restricted services CICO agents provide, and also imposed reporting requirements on service providers in an effort to prevent fraud or enhance financial inclusion. Our search for evidence of impacts of CICO regulations resulted in a sample of 90 documents published since 2005, of which only 31 provided evidence on CICO regulation impacts, with most limited in scope—suggesting rigorous policy analysis remains lacking in this quickly expanding sector. Conclusions: Many low- and middle-income countries have introduced regulations that may affect CICO networks, with regulatory approaches differing across geographies and over time. While anecdotal reports of regulatory impacts exist, we found limited evidence of impacts of regulations on CICO networks or on CICO-related financial inclusion.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mobile money and branchless banking regulations affecting cash-in, cash-out networks in low- and middle-income countries

et al. 2018

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Exploring SME cybersecurity practices in developing countries

Kabanda

Tanner

Kent

2018

Journal of Organizational Computing and Electronic Commerce

106

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Exploring Cybersecurity Ecosystem in the Middle East: Towards an SME Recommender System

Ahmed¹,

Nanath

2021

JCSANDM

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Cybersecurity is described as the protection of data resources by treating threats that jeopardize data. Enterprises must manage the cybersecurity risks so that the security and resilience of their assets may be improved. Cyber-attacks on Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) are rising. However, they often lack effective strategies to prevent threats such as malware, phishing, denial of service (DoS), and others. Their weak defense system is often an attractive avenue for hackers to explore loopholes. There is a lack of cybersecurity initiatives in SMEs, and several past attacks have exposed the weak systems. This paper first attempts to investigate the current scenario of cybersecurity in the context of Middle East SMEs. A survey of SMEs in the Middle East (cybersecurity space) helped understand the existing scenario, actual requirements, and challenges SMEs face. The research then explores the need for SMEs to choose the apt security solution to cater to their business needs. By reviewing the existing standards and pointers in different parts of the world, this research proposes a cybersecurity recommender system for SMEs in the Middle East. One of the survey findings reveals that most SMEs require adequate cybersecurity awareness, followed by evaluating the organization’s preventive capabilities. The dearth of information available online and the IT consultants’ conflicting guidance usually creates an information overload in deciding a neutral solution to address their needs. The recommender system attempts to structure the information available as a framework in deciding a cybersecurity solution for SMEs.

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Cash-Less Economy Policy and Remote-on-USS ATM Transaction Fee in Nigeria

Cited by 3 publications

References 1 publication

Mobile money and branchless banking regulations affecting cash-in, cash-out networks in low- and middle-income countries

Mobile money and branchless banking regulations affecting cash-in, cash-out networks in low- and middle-income countries

Exploring SME cybersecurity practices in developing countries

Exploring Cybersecurity Ecosystem in the Middle East: Towards an SME Recommender System

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