Cashew nut and cashew apple: a scientific and technological monitoring worldwide review

Abstract

The cashew tree or Anacardium occidentale, a tropical tree native from Brazil, was introduced to Asia and Africa by European explorers in the sixteenth century. The world production of cashew nuts reached 4.89 million tons in 2016, with Vietnam being the largest producer of nuts. The cashew market is expected to remain strong due to high production growth in some areas, such as West Africa. Cashew production is potentially an important value for small farmers in emerging countries and there is an immense potential for cashew by-product exploitation that can add value to cashew agribusiness. The present work carries out a technological prospection in databases of patents and scientific papers mapping the applications of cashew nuts and cashew apple. It was possible to identify 2376 patent applications and 586 scientific publications on cashew nuts and cashew apple together. After the analysis of patents and scientific papers, it was possible to note that the cashew tree is a tree of multiple uses that can contribute in several industry sectors. Thus, the present study mapped the potentiality of applications of the various parts of the cashew, which allows adding value to the cashew agribusiness.

Relationship between color and physico-chemical properties of cashew apple (Anacardium occidentale L.) at different days of storage

“…The average of ED in the samples was 54.20 mm on day 0, followed by a reduction on day 3 and an increase on day 6. This behavior is typical in samples with a higher amount of water in the cells (Meyers et al, 2008). Expansions of the samples are common when samples are at a controlled temperature, and other reactions are present inside the fruit (Adjou et al, 2017).…”

Tannins from cashew tree (Anacardium occidentale) bark as a flocculant for water clarification

“…World production of cashew nuts currently ranges between 720,000 and 790,000 metric tons (kernel basis) per year (seasons 2015/16-2019/20). India, with yearly output of 170,000-195,000 MT, ranks first, followed by Côte d'Ivoire, Vietnam, and Tanzania, with figures of 149,000; 82,000 and 53,000 MT, respectively (Oliveira et al, 2020;Global Cashew Council, 2021).…”

Physicochemical, microbiological and sensorial characteristics of flour and prepared cookies from the reject cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) neglected

“…The cashew tree (Anacardium occidentale LINN) is considered one of the most important fruitful tree, because of its food commercial products being a rich source of fibers, minerals and vitamins, also presents a good percentage of nondigestible carbohydrates, and also bioactive compounds, such as flavonoids, being the only species of the genus Anacardium to be cultivated on a commercial scale in the world (Marín et al, 2002;Rico et al, 2016;Salehi et al, 2019;Santos et al, 2007;Schweiggert et al, 2016;Oliveira et al, 2020).…”