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Field redevelopment reflects the unique foci of the integrated project team built between Ecopetrol and Oxy to redevelop the LCI oilfield. La Cira Infantas (LCI) is the oldest Colombian field, production started almost at the beginning of the twentieth century and since late 2005 is under a redevelopment phase, increasing production by more than 5 times in less than 5 years. Redevelopment involves over 1500 wells being drilled or worked over in order to increase recovery factor by about 8% from the C sands. Hundreds of wells are scattered throughout this brownfield which is divided in two principal areas, Cira and Infantas. This field is crossed by faults characterized by depleted and shallow gas bearing formations, challenging drilling with loss of circulation and well control issues, somehow unpredicted given the faulty nature of the area and the impact on the producing sands of previous EOR and drilling campaigns (early to mid twentieth century) (Fig. 1).
Field redevelopment reflects the unique foci of the integrated project team built between Ecopetrol and Oxy to redevelop the LCI oilfield. La Cira Infantas (LCI) is the oldest Colombian field, production started almost at the beginning of the twentieth century and since late 2005 is under a redevelopment phase, increasing production by more than 5 times in less than 5 years. Redevelopment involves over 1500 wells being drilled or worked over in order to increase recovery factor by about 8% from the C sands. Hundreds of wells are scattered throughout this brownfield which is divided in two principal areas, Cira and Infantas. This field is crossed by faults characterized by depleted and shallow gas bearing formations, challenging drilling with loss of circulation and well control issues, somehow unpredicted given the faulty nature of the area and the impact on the producing sands of previous EOR and drilling campaigns (early to mid twentieth century) (Fig. 1).
Drilling Operations in Peruvian Jungle requires a complex logistical preparation similar to an offshore project. This high logistic cost that is necessary to drill in this area means a big investment and strongly impacts the daily drilling cost. To minimize potential non productive time (NPT), potential problems that were identified in offset wells (borehole instability, gumbo shales, stuck pipe, etc.), and to improve the drilling performance, Perenco Peru Limited decided to use Directional Casing while Drilling (DCwD) technology in their Block 67 campaign wells. Two wells (Piraña-4D and Dorado-2D) were drilled with this technology obtaining success and achieving the operator's targets. The objectives for the Casing Drilling operations on the Block 67 wells were: Prove feasibility of both vertical and directional casing drilling technologies Save time upon the whole section by simultaneously Drilling and casing-off problematic formations Demonstrate efficiency of the technology to reduce risks associated with conventional drilling that could easily result in losing the well and further unplanned sidetracks Prove adaptability of the technology to different well conditions (mainly variance on well trajectory) Evaluate the economical viability of the technique (cost & time savings) This paper describes these experiences in terms of planning, preparation, execution and evaluation of results including the lessons learnt generated during the process.
Directional Casing while Drilling (DCwD) in Ecuador has been technically evaluated as a well construction technique to reduce or mitigate operational problems associate with: 1) constructing wells that could not be drilled efficiently using conventional techniques in partial and total lost circulation scenarios, through swelling shale or with hole instability issues, tight hole or stuck-pipe applications; 2) or to reduce total operational costs by eliminating casing runs, short/wiper trips and increase ROP.At last count there have been over 200 worldwide directional casing drilling runs both onshore and offshore. These runs have been successfully executed in some of the most challenging drilling theaters making DCwD a viable and cost reducing alternative which helps operators solve the previously mentioned problems. To support the introduction of DCwD in Ecuador, rigorous engineering analysis has been performed which involves both the economic and technical aspects to help determine what kind of casing drilling system and BHA configuration is most suitable to ensure a successful run.Modeling sofwares have been used to evaluate drilling dynamics and hydraulic requirements enabling engineers to select a drillstring that is capable of performing the specified job and obtain the required performance improvement with DCwD. The digital analysis helps to accurately predict if the application is suitable and determine which parameters could be applied to efficiently and safely execute the DCwD application.There are some factors or parameters that can be taken as benchmarks when analyzing both static and dynamic simulation results. Torque determines if the rig has the capacity to drive the system. Fatigue and buckling analysis provide inferences into casing pipe selection and connection type. Realistic friction factors used during the simulations will avoid obtaining erroneous results which could lead to serious drawbacks. Scenarios like magnetic interference, presence of conglomerates or boulders could limit the tools' used for a specific application. The recommended BHAs will be supported by the specific regional analysis in addition to successes in other similar worldwide applications.Once the engineering analysis has been completed, economics are then considered. The directional casing drilling service cost versus the amount of saving obtained by applying this technology has to be thoroughly evaluated. Savings will be couched as either time and/or money. Both have to be evaluated in the short and long term to determine which applications would benefit from DCwD and which environments should be avoided. The authors will explain how this analysis is performed to obtain an adequate feasibility study to meet the client's objectives. They will also discuss the key performance objectives that must be considered during each step of the analysis.
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