Castanospermine, A 1,6,7,8-tetrahydroxyoctahydroindolizine alkaloid, from seeds of Castanospermum australe

Hohenschutz, Liza D.; Bell, E. A.; Jewess, Phillip J.; Leworthy, David P.; Pryce, Robert J.; Arnold, Edward; Clardy, Jon

doi:10.1016/0031-9422(81)85181-3

Cited by 388 publications

(174 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…While these factors are significant, net input of N and P via litter is considerable at the studied site, and there is evidence that litter derived from mixed-species communities decomposes faster than litter from a single species (Gartner and Cardon 2004). Further, the considerable amount of antiherbivory compounds in litter of C. australe (Hohenschutz et al 1981, Abu-Zeyad et al 1999) and the low nutritional quality of G. robusta litter could inhibit decomposition in monocultures. While studies on litter decomposition and soil nutrient relations will further this argument, we conclude that in the studied plantation, litter with different nutritional and chemical properties in combination with discrete times of litter fall contributes to soil cover, continuous substrate supply to microbes, and enhanced nutrient cycling.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Complementary resource use by tree species in a rain forest tree plantation

Richards

Schmidt

2010

Ecological Applications

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Abstract. Mixed-species tree plantations, composed of high-value native rain forest timbers, are potential forestry systems for the subtropics and tropics that can provide ecological and production benefits. Choices of rain forest tree species for mixtures are generally based on the concept that assemblages of fast-growing and light-demanding species are less productive than assemblages of species with different shade tolerances. We examined the hypothesis that mixtures of two fast-growing species compete for resources, while mixtures of shade-tolerant and shade-intolerant species are complementary. Ecophysiological characteristics of young trees were determined and analyzed with a physiology-based canopy model (MAESTRA) to test species interactions. Contrary to predictions, there was evidence for complementary interactions between two fast-growing species with respect to nutrient uptake, nutrient use efficiency, and nutrient cycling. Fast-growing Elaeocarpus angustifolius had maximum demand for soil nutrients in summer, the most efficient internal recycling of N, and low P use efficiency at the leaf and whole-plant level and produced a large amount of nutrient-rich litter. In contrast, fast-growing Grevillea robusta had maximum demand for soil nutrients in spring and highest leaf nutrient use efficiency for N and P and produced lownutrient litter. Thus, mixtures of fast-growing G. robusta and E. angustifolius or G. robusta and slow-growing, shade-tolerant Castanospermum australe may have similar or even greater productivity than monocultures, as light requirement is just one of several factors affecting performance of mixed-species plantations. We conclude that the knowledge gained here will be useful for designing large-scale experimental mixtures and commercial forestry systems in subtropical Australia and elsewhere.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Complementary resource use by tree species in a rain forest tree plantation

Richards

Schmidt

2010

Ecological Applications

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“…In traditional medicine, the pods of the plant are reported as astringent [8] and In treatment of post pyrandial hyperglycemia in diabetic patients [9]. On literature survey it was found that the wood of Castanospermum australe contains castanogenin and bayogenin [10] whereas castanogenol from bark [11], castanospermine [12] and australine [13] from seed are reported. Saponins from the fresh leaves of Castanospermum australe have also been characterized [14,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insecticidal Activity of Castanospermum australe against stored Grain Pest Callosobruchus analis

Mahmood¹

2012

iosrphr

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“…The castanospermin and celgosivir are well biological active drugs for curing the different diseases (Budavari et al 1989;Hohenschutz et al 1981;Saul et al 1985;Whitby et al 2005;Durantel et al 2009;Whitby et al 2004); these are highly polar polyhydroxyl Aza compounds. As per the author, no best analytical method can be determined for castanospermin and celgosivir as single method.…”

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confidence: 99%

Identification, method development, validation, and characterization of Aza sugars by an ion-chromatography, high-resolution mass spectrometer, and LC-MS/MS

et al. 2018

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Background: Aza sugars are organi c sugars having nitrogen containing polyhydroxyl sugar molecules. These molecules are active pharmaceutical ingredients; these are not well separated and eluted early in the HPLC and UPLC columns due to high polar nature. Aza sugars are having high conductivity hence the ion chromatography validated method has been established for the castanospermin and celgosivir along with its degradation studies (impurities). Methods: An ion chromatography with conductivity detector-cation column was used to determine the assay of castanospermin and celgosivir as in the form of bulk active pharmaceutical ingredients. The degradation impurities were identified and characterized by using the UPLC-TOF and the LCMS/MS techniques. Results: An ion chromatography method was developed and determined the assay for castanospermin and celgosivir as in the form of bulk active pharmaceutical ingredients with the specificity of the miglitol and 1-deoxynojirimycin. Validation was performed for assay of the castanospermin and celgosivir. The method precision %RSD results at 0.25 mg/mL concentration of castanospermin and celgosivir were 1.1 and 0.7 respectively. The linearity was performed from 25 to 200% (w.r.t 0.25 mg/mL); the results were 1.000 and 0.999 coefficient for the castanospermin and celgosivir respectively. The recovery studies, robustness, ruggedness, and solution stability results were within the acceptance limits of the ICHQ2 (R1) guidelines. The stress study for the castanospermin and celgosivir active pharmaceutical ingredients was performed by using 0.5N HCl solution, 0.5N NaOH solution, 3.0% H202 solution, UV-visible and the thermal conditions. The castanospermin was degraded as 20.8% of noxide impurity, and celgosivir was degraded as 10.0% n-oxide impurity under 3.0% H202 solution. In base degradation, the celgosivir was back converted completely to castanospermin. These n-oxide impurities were identified and characterized by using UPLC-TOF and LCMS/MS techniques after collection from the ion chromatography. Castanospermin and celgosivir are stable in remaining stress conditions. Conclusions: From the present study, it was found that robust analytical ion chromatography technique is used for the determination of assay in Aza sugar, especially assay for the castanospermin and celgosivir with minimum usage of test sample 0.25 mg/mL and used green chemistry solvents. The study also explains that the unique degradation of castanospermin and celgosivir under oxidative and base hydrolysis, Oxidative degradation impurities were identified and characterized as n-oxides of its respective castanospermin and celgosivir active pharmaceutical ingredients by using HRMS and LC-MS/MS.

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Castanospermine, A 1,6,7,8-tetrahydroxyoctahydroindolizine alkaloid, from seeds of Castanospermum australe

Cited by 388 publications

References 9 publications

Complementary resource use by tree species in a rain forest tree plantation

Complementary resource use by tree species in a rain forest tree plantation

Insecticidal Activity of Castanospermum australe against stored Grain Pest Callosobruchus analis

Identification, method development, validation, and characterization of Aza sugars by an ion-chromatography, high-resolution mass spectrometer, and LC-MS/MS

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