Castor–babassu biodiesel blends: estimating kinetic parameters by Differential Scanning Calorimetry using the Borchardt and Daniels method

Abstract

The main objective of this study was to assess the kinetics of the deterioration of blends of babassu and castor biodiesel. The biodiesel samples were synthesized by catalytic transesterification and characterized for their main physical properties such as kinematic viscosity, density, acid number, ester content, and oxidation stability. Thermal profiles were carried out using the Differential Scanning Calorimetry technique as presented in the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) E537 standard. Kinetic parameters were obtained using ASTM E2041 standard (Borchardt-Daniels method), following a statistical treatment from the ASTM E1970 standard. Among all samples, the pure castor biodiesel sample showed the highest extrapolated onset temperature (T s), 214.92 °C, and lowest reaction rate [k(T)], 1.02 × 10 −3 min −1 , indicating that this sample is more resistant to oxidation. On the other hand, the blend with the babassu/castor biodiesel mass ratio of 75/25 was the most prone to oxidize. Thus, castor biodiesel may be used as an additive to improve the oxidative stability of other sources of biodiesel, including babassu biodiesel.

Evaluation of Oxidative Stability and Kinetic Parameters of the Cottonseed and Soybean Biodiesels by Rancimat and Differential Scanning Calorimetry Techniques

“…The method of Borchardt and Daniels was chosen for the kinetic parameters determination of exothermic reaction because of its simplicity and ease of use, which allows the determination of the reaction order, the frequency factor, and the activation energy in a single rapid measurement [15,17,18]. The results obtained by Borchardt and Daniels's method have been compatible with data obtained by conventional methods [29,30].…”

“…However, most of these methodologies require many hours of experimentation and multiple tests, which makes their reproduction more complex and laborious. Thus, DSC appears as an alternative method to determine the thermal behavior of organic molecules and the kinetic parameters of exothermic reactions using a single scan at low heating rates and small specimen sizes, such as the method of Borchardt and Daniels, which is based on the relation between the degree of conversion (α) and enthalpy changes obtained by dynamic DSC analysis and is one of the simplest for modeling exothermic reactions [14][15][16][17][18]. The great advantage of this method is the rapidity of performing the analysis [15].…”

“…With Borchardt and Daniels' method, some parameters such as activation energy (Ea), reaction order (n), and degree of conversion (α) can be evaluated, providing an overview of the kinetics behavior, which can be recommended when a quick assessment of the biodiesel oxidation kinetic parameters is needed since it requires only one DSC scan [15,17,18].…”

Babassu Biodiesel Doped with Antioxidants: Assessment of Thermo‐Oxidative Stability by Borchardt and Daniels Method

“…Paula et al (2019) determined the kinetic parameters of the oxidation of babassu ( Orbignya sp.) and castor ( Ricinus communis L.) biodiesel blends.…”

“…In this work, the antioxidants PDA, IONOL, and U‐CDN, at the concentration of 100 mg kg −1 , were used to improve the babassu biodiesel thermo‐oxidative stability. DSC was used to evaluate the oxidative stability of the samples (Bernal et al, 2002; Paula et al, 2019). A new approach for determining the oxidative stability of babassu biodiesel and its mixture with antioxidants was shown, considering the determination of kinetic parameters by the Borchardt and Daniels method (ASTM E2041, 2018).…”