Catalase and glutathione peroxidase are equally active in detoxification of hydrogen peroxide in human erythrocytes

Gaetani, Gian Franco; Galiano, Silvana; Canepa, Letizia; Ferraris, Anna Maria; Kirkman, Henry N.

doi:10.1182/blood.v73.1.334.334

Cited by 222 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Peroxidases represent a class of enzymes that catalyze the oxidation of various compounds . Outside from their biological role in detoxifying hydrogen peroxide in human erythrocytes, they are often found in plants with the function of countering harmful pathogens . Peroxidases have also been isolated for use in diagnostics and water treatment .…”

Section: Catalytic Properties and Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shape‐Controlled Synthesis of Colloidal Metal Nanocrystals by Replicating the Surface Atomic Structure on the Seed

et al. 2018

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Controlling the surface structure of metal nanocrystals while maximizing the utilization efficiency of the atoms is a subject of great importance. An emerging strategy that has captured the attention of many research groups involves the conformal deposition of one metal as an ultrathin shell (typically 1-6 atomic layers) onto the surface of a seed made of another metal and covered by a set of well-defined facets. This approach forces the deposited metal to faithfully replicate the surface atomic structure of the seed while at the same time serving to minimize the usage of the deposited metal. Here, the recent progress in this area is discussed and analyzed by focusing on the synthetic and mechanistic requisites necessary for achieving surface atomic replication of precious metals. Other related methods are discussed, including the one-pot synthesis, electrochemical deposition, and skin-layer formation through thermal annealing. To close, some of the synergies that arise when the thickness of the deposited shell is decreased controllably down to a few atomic layers are highlighted, along with how the control of thickness can be used to uncover the optimal physicochemical properties necessary for boosting the performance toward a range of catalytic reactions.

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Section: Catalytic Properties and Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shape‐Controlled Synthesis of Colloidal Metal Nanocrystals by Replicating the Surface Atomic Structure on the Seed

et al. 2018

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“…There are variety of human regulatory mechanisms that provide protection from oxidative reagents, e.g. peroxidases in saliva and plasma, glutathione peroxidase, catalases or the glutathione redox system (Tenovuo & Pruitt 1984, Maddipati et al . 1987, Gaetani et al .…”

Section: Bleaching Agents For the Whitening Of Root‐filled Teethmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of the current status of tooth whitening with the walking bleach technique

et al. 2003

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Internal bleaching procedures such as the walking bleach technique can be used for whitening of discoloured root-filled teeth. The walking bleach technique is performed by application of a paste consisting of sodium perborate-(tetrahydrate) and distilled water (3% H2O2), respectively, in the pulp chamber. Following a critical review of the scientific literature, heating of the mixture is contra-indicated as the risk of external cervical resorption and the formation of chemical radicals is increased by application of heat. An intracoronal dressing using 30% H2O2 should not be used in order to reduce the risk of inducing cervical resorption. This review provides advice based on the current literature and discusses how the walking bleach technique can lead to successful whitening of non-vital root-filled teeth without the risks of side-effects.

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“…In the cell cytoplasm, a pathway that utilizes glutathione to maintain the cellular redox state is favored. Glutathione may react directly with ROS as well as serve as an electron donor for glutathione peroxidase, which reduces hydrogen and lipid peroxides (9,20). As peroxides are metabolized by glutathione peroxidase, reduced glutathione (GSH) is oxidized to glutathione disulfide (GSSG) (9,19,20).…”

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confidence: 99%

Cyclic strain modulates resistance to oxidant stress by increasing G6PDH expression in smooth muscle cells

Leopold

Loscalzo

2000

American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology

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Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) may be subjected to mechanical forces, such as cyclic strain, that promote the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). We hypothesized that VSMC modulate this adverse milieu by increasing the expression of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) to maintain or restore intracellular glutathione (GSH) levels. Cyclic strain increased superoxide formation, which resulted in diminished GSH because of an increase in oxidized glutathione formation; there was also an increase in glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase activities. G6PDH activity and protein expression were enhanced concomitant with decreases in GSH levels and remained elevated until intracellular GSH levels were restored. To confirm the role of G6PDH in repleting GSH stores, we inhibited G6PDH activity with DHEA or inhibited enzyme expression with an antisense oligodeoxynucleotide. Diminished G6PDH activity or expression was associated with persistently depleted GSH levels and inhibition of the cyclic strain-mediated increase in glutathione reductase activity. These observations demonstrate that cyclic strain promotes oxidant stress in VSMC, which, in turn, induces G6PDH expression. When G6PDH is inhibited, GSH levels are not restored because of impaired glutathione reductase activity. These data suggest that G6PDH is a critical determinant of the response to oxidant stress in VSMC.

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Catalase and glutathione peroxidase are equally active in detoxification of hydrogen peroxide in human erythrocytes

Cited by 222 publications

References 25 publications

Shape‐Controlled Synthesis of Colloidal Metal Nanocrystals by Replicating the Surface Atomic Structure on the Seed

Shape‐Controlled Synthesis of Colloidal Metal Nanocrystals by Replicating the Surface Atomic Structure on the Seed

Review of the current status of tooth whitening with the walking bleach technique

Cyclic strain modulates resistance to oxidant stress by increasing G6PDH expression in smooth muscle cells

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