Catalase (CAT) Gene Family in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.): Evolution, Expression Pattern and Function Analysis

Abstract

Catalases (CATs) are present in almost all living organisms and play important roles in plant development and response to various stresses. However, there is relatively little information on CAT genes in wheat and related Triticeae species. A few studies on CAT family genes in wheat have been reported. In this study, ten CAT proteins (TaCATs) were identified in wheat and classified into three groups based on their phylogenetic features and sequence analysis. The analysis of the structure and motif composition of the TaCAT proteins suggested that a segmental duplication event occurred in the TaCAT gene family. Collinearity relationship analysis among different species showed that there were three orthologous CAT genes in rice and in maize. By analyzing the cis-elements in the promoter regions, we speculated that TaCAT genes expression might be regulated by light, oxygen deficit, methyl jasmonate and abscisic acid, and by transcription factors such as MYB. A Gene Ontology (GO)-based analysis showed that TaCAT proteins may be related to the response to various stresses, are cytoplasm localized, and may function as antioxidant enzymes. RT-qPCR and transcriptome data analyses exhibited distinct expression patterns of TaCAT genes in different tissues and in response to various treatments. In this study, a comprehensive analysis of wheat CAT genes was performed, enriching our knowledge of CAT genes and providing a foundation for further functional analyses of this gene family in wheat.

Assessing the Impacts of Cu and Mo Engineered Nanomaterials on Crop Plant Growth Using a Targeted Proteomics Approach

“…The mostly downregulated proteins (root exposure: 0.35 < FC < 0.74; leaf exposure: 0.49 < FC < 0.72) observed in response to Cu exposure in leaves suggests that the plant initiated specific responses to mitigate the effects of copper-induced oxidative stress. This includes regulating the expression of enzymes like catalase (P21), a vital enzyme in the cellular defense against oxidative stress by efficiently breaking down hydrogen peroxide, to help protect cells from the damaging effects of ROS, contributing to overall cellular health and function. , …”

“…This includes regulating the expression of enzymes like catalase (P21), a vital enzyme in the cellular defense against oxidative stress by efficiently breaking down hydrogen peroxide, to help protect cells from the damaging effects of ROS, contributing to overall cellular health and function. 44,45 3.4. Effect of Exposure to High vs Low Mo ENM Concentrations through Root.…”

Identification and Expression Profiling of Two Saudi Arabia Catalase Genes from Wheat and Barley in Response to Abiotic and Hormonal Stresses

“…Plant catalases have been divided into three different classes, and different genes were identified in rice [ 47 ], durum wheat cv. Om Rabiaa [ 7 ], T. monococcum [ 8 ], Triticum aestivum [ 13 ], Panax ginseng [ 40 ], Brassica napus [ 14 ], cotton [ 10 ], and cucumber plants [ 11 ]. Thus, understanding the biological roles of CAT genes in monocotyledonous and especially in durum wheat and barley as well as the molecular mechanisms regulating their responses to stresses are crucial for the identification of new wheat varieties with enhanced resistances to different environmental constraints.…”

“…The number of catalases varies depending on the species, and their expression is regulated according to their tissue/organ distribution and the environmental conditions. So far, different catalase genes have been characterized in various plant species such as Triticum durum [ 7 ], Triticum monococcum [ 8 ], Gossypium hirsutum L. and G. barbadense L. [ 10 ], Cucumis sativus L. [ 11 ], rice [ 12 ], Triticum aestivum [ 13 ], and Brassica napus [ 14 ]. Recently, four different catalase genes were identified from barley.…”

Transcriptomic Profiling Reveals the Contribution of Nitric Oxide to Maintaining Photosynthesis and Antioxidant Ability in Hylotelephium erythrostictum Leaves under Salt Stress

“…Overexpressing the TaSOD2 gene in wheat results in a signi cant increase in SOD activity, enhancing the capacity for salt tolerance and producing antioxidant effects (Wang et al 2016). CAT encodes a series of small proteins that catalyze the decomposition of H 2 O 2 to maintain ROS equilibrium (Zhang et al 2022). Cab expression preserves the thylakoid membranes, regulates the distribution of light energy, and improves adaptability to different conditions (Feng et al 2014).…”