Catalase expression inDrosophila melanogaster is responsive to ecdysone and exhibits both transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation

Radyuk, Svetlana N.; Klichko, Vladimir I.; Orr, William C.

doi:10.1002/1520-6327(200010)45:2<79::aid-arch4>3.0.co;2-y

Cited by 27 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Indeed, the expression patterns of antioxidant genes, especially CATs, are thought to be under such hormonal influence in D. melanogaster (29,30). Thus, in the present study, the second peak observed with respect to both the Hessian fly CATs in late third larval instars could address this cooperative function of ecdysteroids and CATs.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…It is thus plausible that the products of MdesCAT-1 and MdesCAT-2 are important in quenching ROS produced during stages of rapid development and differentiation, which are usually associated with high rates of metabolic activity (7). Data presented in the current study with respect to both the CATs are in agreement with studies of CAT expression during development in D. melanogaster (29,30) and the housefly, Musca domestica (31). It was reported that peak levels for a CAT mRNA coincided with pulses of ecdysteroid synthesis in late third larval instar as well as in prepupal (larval-pupal transition) stages of D. melanogaster (29).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Data presented in the current study with respect to both the CATs are in agreement with studies of CAT expression during development in D. melanogaster (29,30) and the housefly, Musca domestica (31). It was reported that peak levels for a CAT mRNA coincided with pulses of ecdysteroid synthesis in late third larval instar as well as in prepupal (larval-pupal transition) stages of D. melanogaster (29). Also, as observed in M. domestica (31), a tremendous increase in H 2 O 2 due to alterations in substrate catabolism before pupation could result in the concurrent increase in mRNA levels of both the Hessian fly CATs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antioxidant defense response in a galling insect

Mittapalli¹,

Neal²,

Shukle

2007

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

114

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Herbivorous insect species are constantly challenged with reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated from endogenous and exogenous sources. ROS produced within insects because of stress and prooxidant allelochemicals produced by host plants in response to herbivory require a complex mode of antioxidant defense during insect/plant interactions. Some insect herbivores have a midgutbased defense against the suite of ROS encountered. Because the Hessian fly (Mayetiola destructor) is the major insect pest of wheat worldwide, and an emerging model for all gall midges, we investigated its antioxidant responses during interaction with its host plant. Quantitative data for two phospholipid glutathione peroxidases (MdesPHGPX-1 and MdesPHGPX-2), two catalases (MdesCAT-1 and MdesCAT-2), and two superoxide dismutases (MdesSOD-1 and MdesSOD-2) revealed high levels of all of the mRNAs in the midgut of larvae on susceptible wheat (compatible interaction). During development of the Hessian fly on susceptible wheat, a differential expression pattern was observed for all six genes. Analysis of larvae on resistant wheat (incompatible interaction) compared with larvae on susceptible wheat showed increased levels of mRNAs in larvae on resistant wheat for all of the antioxidant genes except MdesSOD-1 and MdesSOD-2. We postulate that the increased mRNA levels of MdesPHGPX-1, MdesPH-GPX-2, MdesCAT-1, and MdesCAT-2 reflect responses to ROS encountered by larvae while feeding on resistant wheat seedlings and/or ROS generated endogenously in larvae because of stress/ starvation. These results provide an opportunity to understand the cooperative antioxidant defense responses in the Hessian fly/ wheat interaction and may be applicable to other insect/plant interactions.Hessian fly ͉ insect/plant interaction ͉ reactive oxygen species ͉ wheat

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Antioxidant defense response in a galling insect

Mittapalli¹,

Neal²,

Shukle

2007

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

114

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“…Immunoblot analysis was performed as described previously (19). Primary antibodies (ϳ0.2-0.5 mg/ml) were diluted 1:5,000 (GCLc) or 1:20,000 (GCLm).…”

Section: Construction Of Pp[uast]-gclc and Pp[uast]-gclm-thesupporting

confidence: 51%

Overexpression of Glutamate-Cysteine Ligase Extends Life Span in Drosophila melanogaster

Orr

Radyuk

Prabhudesai

et al. 2005

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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120

128

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The hypothesis that overexpression of glutamate-cysteine ligase (GCL), which catalyzes the rate-limiting reaction in de novo glutathione biosynthesis, could extend life span was tested in the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster. The GAL4-UAS binary transgenic system was used to generate flies overexpressing either the catalytic (GCLc) or modulatory (GCLm) subunit of this enzyme, in a global or neuronally targeted pattern. The GCL protein content of the central nervous system was elevated dramatically in the presence of either global or neuronal drivers. GCL activity was increased in the whole body or in heads, respectively, of GCLc transgenic flies containing global or neuronal drivers. The glutathione content of fly homogenates was increased by overexpression of GCLc or GCLm, particularly in flies overexpressing either subunit globally, or in the heads of GCLc flies possessing neuronal drivers. Neuronal overexpression of GCLc in a long-lived background extended mean and maximum life spans up to 50%, without affecting the rate of oxygen consumption by the flies. In contrast, global overexpression of GCLm extended the mean life span only up to 24%. These results demonstrate that enhancement of the glutathione biosynthetic capability, particularly in neuronal tissues, can extend the life span of flies, and thus support the oxidative stress hypothesis of aging.

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“…Assays of catalase activity in the heads of 24 h posteclosion adults fed on 20 mM paraquat for 12 and 24 h were compared with untreated male and female controls. The treatment and control sets were carefully age matched to account for the normal time-dependent reduction in catalase-specific activity that occurs during early posteclosion as the activity drops from a peak during pupation (Radyuk et al, 2000). The heads of control males had a catalasespecific activity of 3.49 Ϯ 0.08 ϫ 10 6 units per milligram of protein at the 12 h assay point and 3.07 Ϯ 0.07 ϫ 10 6 units per milligram of protein at 24 h. Similarly, the heads of control females had a catalase-specific activity of 3.55 Ϯ 0.09 ϫ 10 6 units per milligram of protein at 12 h and 3.02 Ϯ 0.12 ϫ 10 6 units per milligram of protein at 24 h. Extracts of body tissue (thorax and abdomen) had specific activities one order of magnitude higher than heads but also exhibited similar decreases in activity during the first 2 d after eclosion ( p Ͻ 0.001, data not shown).…”

Section: Paraquat-induced Alteration In Catalase Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction of Genetic and Environmental Factors in aDrosophilaParkinsonism Model

Chaudhuri¹,

Bowling²,

Funderburk³

et al. 2007

J. Neurosci.

194

216

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Catastrophic loss of dopaminergic neurons is a hallmark of Parkinson's disease. Despite the recent identification of genes associated with familial parkinsonism, the etiology of most Parkinson's disease cases is not understood. Environmental toxins, such as the herbicide paraquat, appear to be risk factors, and it has been proposed that susceptibility is influenced by genetic background. The genetic model organism Drosophila is an advantageous system for the identification of genetic susceptibility factors. Genes that affect dopamine homeostasis are candidate susceptibility factors, because dopamine itself has been implicated in neuron damage. We find that paraquat can replicate a broad spectrum of parkinsonian behavioral symptoms in Drosophila that are associated with loss of specific subsets of dopaminergic neurons. In parallel with epidemiological studies that show an increased incidence of Parkinson's disease in males, male Drosophila exhibit paraquat symptoms earlier than females. We then tested the hypothesis that variation in dopamine-regulating genes, including those that regulate tetrahydrobiopterin, a requisite cofactor in dopamine synthesis, can alter susceptibility to paraquatinduced oxidative damage. Drosophila mutant strains that have increased or decreased dopamine and tetrahydrobiopterin production exhibit variation in susceptibility to paraquat. Surprisingly, protection against the neurotoxicity of paraquat is conferred by mutations that elevate dopamine pathway function, whereas mutations that diminish dopamine pools increase susceptibility. We also find that loss-of-function mutations in a negative regulator of dopamine production, Catecholamines-up, delay the onset of neurological symptoms, dopaminergic neuron death, and morbidity during paraquat exposure but confer sensitivity to hydrogen peroxide.

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Catalase expression inDrosophila melanogaster is responsive to ecdysone and exhibits both transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation

Cited by 27 publications

References 36 publications

Antioxidant defense response in a galling insect

Antioxidant defense response in a galling insect

Overexpression of Glutamate-Cysteine Ligase Extends Life Span in Drosophila melanogaster

Interaction of Genetic and Environmental Factors in aDrosophilaParkinsonism Model

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