Catalpol inhibits migration and induces apoptosis in gastric cancer cells and in athymic nude mice

Multiple Biological Effects of an Iridoid Glucoside, Catalpol, and Its Underlying Molecular Mechanisms

“…In vitro migration of gastric cancer cells was also reduced by catalpol; this was accompanied by down-regulation of several proteins that regulate cancer cell migration, including matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), Ras homolog gene family, member A (RhoA), N-cadherin, Rho kinase-1 (ROCK1) and alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA). These in vitro findings were supported by in vivo studies, in which catalpol dose-dependently reduced tumor volume and tumor weight in athymic nude mice bearing tumors produced by the injection of human gastric cells (HGC-27) [75].…”

“…Catalpol significantly enhanced Bax expression levels, a pro-apoptotic protein, and increased caspase-3 activity, which is responsible for the cleavage of Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) resulting in the activation of the apoptotic pathway. In contrast, catalpol significantly reduced the expression of Bcl-2, an anti-apoptotic protein, thus indicating the mechanisms underlying catalpol-induced cancer cell apoptosis [75]. In vitro migration of gastric cancer cells was also reduced by catalpol; this was accompanied by down-regulation of several proteins that regulate cancer cell migration, including matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), Ras homolog gene family, member A (RhoA), N-cadherin, Rho kinase-1 (ROCK1) and alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA).…”

“…The effects of catalpol in various cancers are summarized in Table 5. One of the most common cancers is gastric cancer; Wang and Zhan-Sheng showed catalpol (2.5-160 µM) to reduce proliferation and induce apoptosis in the human gastric cancer cell lines HGC-27 and MKN-45 [75]. Catalpol-treatment resulted in an increase in the proportion of cells in the G 0 /G 1 phase while reducing the proportion in the S phase within the cell cycle; this as accompanied by an elevation of p53 and p27 expression and down-regulation of the expression of CDK4 and cyclin D1 genes.…”

Catalpol‑mediated microRNA‑34a suppresses autophagy and malignancy by regulating SIRT1 in colorectal cancer

“…Catalpol is one of the main active ingredients of R. glutinosa (Di Huang) which has been revealed to have antitumor effects on various of human cancers (5,(8)(9)(10). Recently, the inhibited effect on inflammation and tumor angiogenesis of catalpol in CRC cells was revealed and catalpol was considered as a potential candidate compound for treating CRC (3,10,20).…”

“…Catalpol, a bioactive component extracted from traditional Chinese medicine Rehmannia glutinosa (Di Huang), has various pharmacological activities (4). Several studies indicated that catalpol has inhibitory effects on proliferation and induced apoptosis in several cancer types including human CRC (3)(4)(5). Our previous study also focused on the therapeutic effect of catalpol against acute liver injury via alleviation of inflammatory response (6).…”