Catalyst Deactivation, Poisoning and Regeneration

Abstract

Catalyst life-time represents one of the most crucial economic aspects in most industrial catalytic processes, due to costly shut-downs, catalyst replacements and proper disposal of spentmaterials[...]

MOF-303 as an Effective Adsorbent to Clean CH4: SO2 Capture and Detection

“…The S atom from SO 2 blocks the coordinatively unsaturated Pd atoms that are vital for the C–H activationleading to the loss of catalytic activity and complicated regeneration processes . Therefore, different supports and active phase promoters have been incorporated to improve the resistance to deactivation of SO 2 . It is worth mentioning that because of the emission legislation, it is important to have effective exhaust gas catalytic convertors, and the main challenge of Pd–Pt catalysts remains as the strong poisoning by sulfur-containing compounds such as SO 2 or H 2 S .…”

Stability improvement of a Pt/TiO2 photocatalyst during photocatalytic pure water splitting

“…In industrial catalytic reactions, the research on the deactivation and regeneration of catalysts plays an important role in reducing the cost of processes. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] The causes of catalyst deactivation are divided into chemical deactivation (carbon deposition, poisoning, and metal pollution), thermal deactivation (sintering, phase transition and phase separation, and entrapment and volatilization of active components), and mechanical inactivation (particle crushing and fouling). 2,8 Traditional thermal catalytic systems have developed some mature techniques to prolong the catalyst service life, including hightemperature calcination, 1 H 2 heat treatment 3 and so on.…”

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7] The causes of catalyst deactivation are divided into chemical deactivation (carbon deposition, poisoning, and metal pollution), thermal deactivation (sintering, phase transition and phase separation, and entrapment and volatilization of active components), and mechanical inactivation (particle crushing and fouling). 2,8 Traditional thermal catalytic systems have developed some mature techniques to prolong the catalyst service life, including hightemperature calcination, 1 H 2 heat treatment 3 and so on. 4,9 The research on photocatalytic deactivation and regeneration is very limited, which mainly focuses on the photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants.…”

Comparison of the Accelerated and Spontaneous Deactivation of the HDS Catalyst

“…Thus, catalyst vendors strive to extend the lifetime of catalysts and maintain their activity for as long as possible because catalyst lifetime is one of the most important economic aspects of industrial catalytic processes. Although catalyst deactivation is inevitable, few of its consequences may be prevented and delayed [13,14]. Prior to industrial use, catalysts are first tested on pilot units because it is practically unrealistic to study catalyst deactivation under normal operating conditions.…”