Catalyst-free low temperature conversion of n-dodecane for co-generation of COx-free hydrogen and C2 hydrocarbons using a gliding arc plasma

Ma, Yichen; Harding, Jonathan; Tu, Xin

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2019.08.067

Cited by 30 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…NTP has been studied on various carbon sources, but it has been limited mainly to the formation of high-value lower fuels (H 2 , CO, and C1–C5). Discharges on gas-phase methane, , methanol, , ethanol, − and hydrocarbons (HCs), such as n -pentane, n -dodecane, and n -octane, were extensively studied for the synthesis of hydrogen and other lower HC fuels. − They involve evaporation costs, limiting the ability to accommodate various feedstocks. The use of liquid organic compounds is thus promising, and a few related studies exist with corona discharge, − dielectric barrier discharge, , and gliding arc discharge, where the discharges are directly generated inside the liquid medium.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma Chemical Synthesis of Valuable Fuels and Chemicals from n-Hexane and Its Mixture with Methanol and Ethanol

Banerjee

Golsztajn

Girard‐Lauriault

2022

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Among several emerging technologies that are focused on finding sustainable routes for reforming heavy oils and/or alcohols into valuable fuels and complex chemicals, nonthermal plasma shows promise both due to its non-equilibrium nature and its ability to use intermittent renewable electricity. In this work, we investigate its interaction with organic compounds as a "green" process for simultaneously synthesizing hydrogen, cracking heavy oils, and producing more valuable, complex chemicals. A pin-to-plate microsecond-pulsed argon plasma was used at temperatures of 20, 0, and −20 °C. Using 390 kJ/kg of specific energy input, we were able to achieve a conversion efficiency of 771.4 mmol/kW h for the treatment of the hexane− ethanol mixture at 0 °C. It is concluded that the production of H 2 and other lower fuels (gas hydrocarbons) can be increased by the addition of alcohols in our reforming processes. At 0 °C, the production efficiency and selectivity of gas products were found to be higher compared to other temperatures. A low temperature of −20 °C showed the highest production efficiency for liquid products. Product formation was observed to mainly undergo dissociation and dehydrogenation, whose reaction pathway is also discussed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma Chemical Synthesis of Valuable Fuels and Chemicals from n-Hexane and Its Mixture with Methanol and Ethanol

Banerjee

Golsztajn

Girard‐Lauriault

2022

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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“…Thus, increased reactant conversion will generally be obtained at higher input powers. Treatment of hydrocarbon in a GAD reactor can be an effective mechanism for hydrocarbon cracking. − The field intensity and electron density increase with increasing input power, thus resulting in more hydrocarbon conversion. Several oxygenated hydrocarbons and other derivatives are formed due to plasma application.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Essential Features of Gliding Arc Plasma for High-Performance Hydrocarbon Selective Catalytic Reduction of NO_xat Low Temperatures

Denra

Matyakubov

Saud

et al. 2023

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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The high removal efficiency of NO x from diesel engine exhaust gas at low temperatures remains challenging due to the poor activity of catalysts under this condition. This work investigated the effectiveness of gliding arc plasma in the NO x removal over the Ag/γ-Al 2 O 3 catalyst with n-heptane as a reducing agent source for NO x reduction. The plasma conjugated with the catalyst was performed like an injection method, i.e., a small part flow (1/26) that consisted of n-heptane was reformed to H 2 and oxygenated hydrocarbons (OHCs) by gliding arc plasma before mixing it with the gas containing NO x . Then, the overall gas was passed through the catalyst stage at various temperatures from 127 to 253 °C. The experimental data revealed that NO x removal efficiency significantly increased with plasma treatment. The enhancement by plasma treatment increased with temperature from 127 to 226 °C, but the enhancement reduced at a temperature of 253 °C. The result came from formation of H 2 and OHCs in the treated plasma gas, which reactivated NO x removal over the catalyst at low temperatures. Moreover, the enhanced NO x removal efficiency in a wide low-temperature range is obtained due to considerable hydrogen formation by the gliding arc plasma. To sum up, the highest NO x removal efficiency was 68.5% under a temperature of 226 °C and specific energy input of 34.6 J/L, while it was 20.3% for the catalyst alone; in other words, the removal efficiency increased by 48.1% with using plasma under these conditions. Owing to its low energy consumption, high-throughput gas treatment, and effectiveness at low temperatures, the technology is promising in practical applications for refining diesel exhaust gases.

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“…In this regard, non-thermal plasma (NTP) can prove to be a notable solution, owing to its previous use in different fuel-reforming studies involving various carbon sources like alcohols, − hydrocarbons, − and a mixture of both . NTP has the ability to produce highly energetic electrons at ambient temperature and pressure conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Higher-Order Nitrogen-Containing Organic Compounds from Butylamine Using a Microsecond Pulse Dielectric Barrier Discharge

Banerjee,

Armstrong,

Girard-Lauriault

2023

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Synthesis of nitrogen-containing organic compounds (NOCs), especially higher-order NOCs, is very energy intensive, and traditional methods emit a high amount of CO2 equivalents into the environment. To lower emissions and alleviate the energy requirements of the process, we propose the use of gas over liquid non-thermal plasma (NTP) as a substitute. In this work, we investigate the formation of higher-order NOCs from butylamine and subsequently study the process’s changing reaction chemistry with gas mixtures, reactor temperature, and treatment time. Different compounds in the form of aliphatic and aromatic amines, nitriles, and azoles were observed. Under the optimized conditions, our proposed reactor was able to achieve a production efficiency of 49.4 g/kWh with pure argon gas at −20 °C. The selectivity of the products varied with gas mixtures, reactor temperature, and treatment time due to altering reaction pathways which are discussed in more detail. An insight into the dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) conditions for obtaining different plasma chemistry in NOC synthesis can thus provide a foundation to develop a novel synthetic approach.

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Catalyst-free low temperature conversion of n-dodecane for co-generation of COx-free hydrogen and C2 hydrocarbons using a gliding arc plasma

Cited by 30 publications

References 57 publications

Plasma Chemical Synthesis of Valuable Fuels and Chemicals from n-Hexane and Its Mixture with Methanol and Ethanol

Plasma Chemical Synthesis of Valuable Fuels and Chemicals from n-Hexane and Its Mixture with Methanol and Ethanol

Essential Features of Gliding Arc Plasma for High-Performance Hydrocarbon Selective Catalytic Reduction of NO_xat Low Temperatures

Synthesis of Higher-Order Nitrogen-Containing Organic Compounds from Butylamine Using a Microsecond Pulse Dielectric Barrier Discharge

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Catalyst-free low temperature conversion of n-dodecane for co-generation of COx-free hydrogen and C2 hydrocarbons using a gliding arc plasma

Cited by 30 publications

References 57 publications

Plasma Chemical Synthesis of Valuable Fuels and Chemicals from n-Hexane and Its Mixture with Methanol and Ethanol

Plasma Chemical Synthesis of Valuable Fuels and Chemicals from n-Hexane and Its Mixture with Methanol and Ethanol

Essential Features of Gliding Arc Plasma for High-Performance Hydrocarbon Selective Catalytic Reduction of NOxat Low Temperatures

Synthesis of Higher-Order Nitrogen-Containing Organic Compounds from Butylamine Using a Microsecond Pulse Dielectric Barrier Discharge

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Essential Features of Gliding Arc Plasma for High-Performance Hydrocarbon Selective Catalytic Reduction of NO_xat Low Temperatures