Catalytic acetalization of biomass glycerol with acetone over TiO2–SiO2 mixed oxides

Fan, Chunni; Xu, Chenghua; Liu, Chuan-Qi; Huang, Zun-Yu; Liu, Jianying; Ye, Zhixiang

doi:10.1007/s11144-012-0456-y

Cited by 53 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Mixed oxide TiO 2 -SiO 2 as Lewis acid was synthesized by the sol-gel method by Fan et al [106]. The results show that after adsorbing water molecules by Ti-Si mixed oxides, Brønsted acid sites can be produced, leading to the highest catalytic property.…”

Section: Heterogeneous Catalysts For Glycerol Acetalizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acetalization Catalysts for Synthesis of Valuable Oxygenated Fuel Additives from Glycerol

2018

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Biodiesel is one of the most attractive sources of clean energy. It is produced by the transformation of vegetable oils with up to 10% formation of glycerol as a by-product. Therefore, development of new approaches for processing bio-glycerol into such value-added chemical compounds as solketals is necessary. Thus, various six- and five-membered cyclic compounds can be prepared by acetalization of glycerol with aldehyde or ketone. The resulting glycerol oxygenates are excellent fuel additives that increase viscosity, octane or cetane number, and stability to oxidation. In addition, these products significantly reduce carbon monoxide emissions from standard diesel fuel. In this review, we highlight recent advances in the glycerol valorization for the sustainable production of bio-additives. The review includes a discussion of the innovative and potential catalysts to produce solketals.

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Section: Heterogeneous Catalysts For Glycerol Acetalizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acetalization Catalysts for Synthesis of Valuable Oxygenated Fuel Additives from Glycerol

2018

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“…Triacetin transesterification over the meso-OBR packed with 9g Amberlyst TM 70-SO3H (as shown in The experiments were performed at a 4:1 acetone to glycerol molar ratio as reported elsewhere [45] using residence times of 2.5min -30mins and 50°C reaction temperature.…”

Section: Simultaneous Triacetin Transesterification and Conversion Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

Continuous reactive coupling of glycerol and acetone – A strategy for triglyceride transesterification and in-situ valorisation of glycerol by-product

Eze

Harvey

2018

Chemical Engineering Journal

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Methyl esters of fatty acids are widely used as biodiesel, a sustainable replacement for petro-diesel.The conventional biodiesel process produces crude glycerol, which constitutes about 10wt% of the total products. This has led to a surplus of crude glycerol due to global increase in biodiesel use, necessitating increased research into sustainable processes that could convert the crude glycerol into higher value-added products. This study investigates biodiesel processes for continuous transesterification of triglycerides to methyl esters, coupled to conversion of the glycerol by-product into solketal, a value-added product, via reaction with acetone in situ. The study was carried out using one-stage and two-stage catalytic transesterification of triacetin and methanol in mesoscale oscillatory baffled reactors (meso-OBRs). The two-stage process involved two meso-OBRs in series packed with Amberlyst TM resin catalysts: a basic Amberlyst TM A26-OH in the first stage to catalyse transesterfication of triacetin with methanol, and an acidic Amberlyst TM 70-SO3H in the second stage to catalyse the coupling of glycerol and acetone to form solketal. One-stage triacetin transesterification and glycerol coupling with acetone was carried out in a meso-OBR packed with the acidic Amberlyst TM 70-SO3H resin. In the two-stage process, the triacetin was converted to 99.1±2.0% methyl acetate and 98.0±1.3% glycerol after 25min residence time in the first reactor and the glycerol was reacted with acetone in the second reactor to achieve 76.5±2.8% solketal conversions after 35min.The single-stage process achieved 48.5±2.7% solketal conversion after 30min. The meso-OBR was operated continuously to achieve high quality steady states and consistent triacetin conversions. The triglyceride transesterification with reactive coupling of glycerol with acetone produces less crude glycerol by-product. This process strategy could be optimised for future biodiesel production.

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“…In recent years’ significant research efforts have been spent on glycerol acetalization reaction with various carbonyl compounds such as aldehydes, ketones, furfural, levulinic acid etc. The products obtained from the reactions are cyclic isomeric acetals, namely 1,3-dioxolane (five-membered ring) and 1,3-dioxane (six-membered ring) ( Fan et al., 2012 ; Agirre et al., 2013 ; Pradima et al., 2017 ). Acetalization of glycerol is a significant reaction as it gives rise to environmentally friendly and economically feasible products, which can act as biodiesel and food additives.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acetalization of glycerol and benzaldehyde to synthesize biofuel additives using SO42-/CeO2–ZrO2 catalyst

Kulkarni¹,

Arvind²

2021

Heliyon

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Synthesis of 1,3-dioxane and 1,3-dioxolane, using sulfated CeO 2 -ZrO 2 catalyst for acetalization of glycerol with benzaldehyde, is the focus of present work. SO 4 2-/CeO 2 -ZrO 2 catalyst was synthesized using combustion method. Experiments were carried out to analyze the effect of various solvents (n-hexane, toluene, tert-butyl alcohol, pentanol), molar ratios (1:3, 1:5, 1:7), catalyst loadings (3 wt%, 5 wt%, 9 wt %) and temperatures (80 C, 90 C, 100 C) on glycerol conversion and selectivity of the products. Selectivity of 87.20% dioxolane and 12.80% dioxane was obtained at molar ratio of 1:3, 9 wt% catalyst loading and temperature of 100 C.Strong NH 3 desorption peak from NH 3 -TPD study indicated the high acidic strength of sulphated catalyst. Strong surface acidity and surface porosity (observed from TEM and SEM analysis) contributed to an enhanced activity of the catalyst for glycerol acetalization reaction. The kinetics of the reaction was studied using an elementary kinetic law. A correlation coefficient of 0.98 from the selected kinetic model proved that the rate of acetalization reaction was dependent on glycerol concentration and acetal formation was instantaneous. The study demonstrated the application of an environmentally benign, inexpensive, thermally stable, active SO 4 2-/CeO 2 -ZrO 2 catalyst for glycerol acetalization reaction to synthesize 1,3-dioxolane as the desired product.

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Catalytic acetalization of biomass glycerol with acetone over TiO2–SiO2 mixed oxides

Cited by 53 publications

References 36 publications

Acetalization Catalysts for Synthesis of Valuable Oxygenated Fuel Additives from Glycerol

Acetalization Catalysts for Synthesis of Valuable Oxygenated Fuel Additives from Glycerol

Continuous reactive coupling of glycerol and acetone – A strategy for triglyceride transesterification and in-situ valorisation of glycerol by-product

Acetalization of glycerol and benzaldehyde to synthesize biofuel additives using SO42-/CeO2–ZrO2 catalyst

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