Catalytic activity of aortic lysyl oxidase in an insoluble enzyme-substrate complex

Kagan, Herbert M.; Hewitt, Nancy A.; Salcedo, Lily L.; Franzblau, Carl

doi:10.1016/0005-2795(74)90267-0

Cited by 76 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 15 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Subsequent extraction of the salineextracted pellets with the 4 M urea-extracting buffer solubilized 90% to 95% of the total lysyl oxidase activity, consistent with the known solubility characteristics of this enzyme in aortic tissue. 12 The phosphate-buffered saline extracts and the dialyzed urea extracts were separately assayed for prolyl hydroxylase and lysyl oxidase activity, respectively.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in aortic lysyl oxidase activity in diet-induced atherosclerosis in the rabbit.

Kagan¹,

Raghavan²,

Hollander³

1981

Arteriosclerosis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study assessed the response of lysyl oxidase, the enzyme that initiates covalent crosslinking in elastin and collagen, by studying the aortic tissue of rabbits after arteriosclerosis had been induced by diet. Rabbits in the experimental group were fed an atherogenic diet of rabbit chow supplemented with 8% peanut oil and 2% cholesterol for varying periods of time, while the control group was fed only rabbit chow. Lysyl oxidase activity was found to be distributed throughout the length of the thoracic and abdominal aortas of the normal rabbits. However, rabbits fed the atherogenic diet showed marked increases in enzyme activity in the aortic arch, a change that was initially evident after 30 days and became greatest (2.5 times that of the controls) after 90 days. Enzyme activity in the study rabbits increased only minimally in the abdominal aortic wall. Aortic prolyl hydroxylase activity measured after 60 days of feeding changed in degree and manner similar to lysyl oxidase activity. These region-specific changes in enzyme activities correlated with the distribution and severity of aortic lesions in this model of the disease. Lysyl oxidase activity increased dramatically in this model of atherosclerosis, suggesting that this extracellular enzyme activity may prove to be a vulnerable and accessible point of control of the fibrotic response in atherosclerosis. (Arteriosclerosis 1981; 1:287-291)

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in aortic lysyl oxidase activity in diet-induced atherosclerosis in the rabbit.

Kagan¹,

Raghavan²,

Hollander³

1981

Arteriosclerosis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Another possible explanation relates to the effect that oxygen might have on synthesis or cross-linking of lung elastin. The initial stages of elastin cross-link formation involve oxidative deamination of lysine in tropoelastin by the enzyme lysyl oxidase (23,27). Chvapil et al have shown this enzyme to be elevated in early granuloma formation and to decrease in activity with maturation of the granuloma (28).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time course of and stimuli to compensatory growth of the lung after pneumonectomy.

Brody¹

1975

J. Clin. Invest.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A B S T R A C T Left pneumonectomy in the mature rat led to an increase of [3H]thymidine incorporation into DNA of the remaining lung in the first 3 postoperative days, and resulted in a subsequent 38% increase of lung weight and 41% increase of lung tissue volume measured 1 wk after surgery. Despite these early changes, total lung volume (TLV) did not increase until the 2nd postoperative wk, reaching values 33% greater than in controls. Analysis of lung pressure-volume curves revealed that lung recoil was increased at low lung volumes 1 wk after surgery, but returned to normal by the 2nd postoperative wk, suggesting that synthesis of both lung elastin and collagen had occurred by this time. Increased inspired oxygen concentration (28% or 35%) during the 1st but not the 2nd postoperative wk abolished the change in TLV without influencing the increase in lung weight, while diminished inspired oxygen (17% or 14%) accentuated the postoperative increase in TLV. Lung pressure-volume curves demonstrated changes in distensibility at low lung volumes, suggesting that oxygen may have influenced synthesis or cross-linking of lung elastin. Alterations of minute ventilation in the postoperative period produced by 3% C02 did not influence the compensatory growth process, nor did administration of cyclophosphamide. These studies suggest that postpneumonectomy lung growth is a twophase process, beginning with cell proliferation and increased tissue volume, followed by increasing lung volume associated with formation of lung structural proteins. The latter process is profoundly influenced by inspired oxygen concentration in the early postoperative period.

show abstract

“…The tritium-release method, as first described by Pinnell and Martin 13 and later modified by Kagan et al, 14 was used for the ex vivo measurement of lysyl oxidase activity extracted from a pool of age-matched aortic walls. 11 Experiments were done at least two times in triplicate.…”

Section: Lysyl Oxidase Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of the extracellular matrix in age-related modifications of the rat aorta. Ultrastructural, morphometric, and enzymatic evaluations.

Fornieri

Quaglino

Mori

1992

Arterioscler Thromb

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Connective tissues such as blood vessels are known to be greatly affected by age because of impaired functional properties and increased susceptibility to diseases. With the aim of providing further information on the role of the extracellular matrix in age-related modifications, we investigated the aorta in the rat model from birth to senescence by means of morphological and morphometric observations and by evaluation of lysyl oxidase activity. Results focused on the dramatic vascular rearrangements due to progressive fibrosis of the extracellular matrix and on prominent elastin modifications. The presence of lysyl oxidase activity, even in the oldest animals, might be at least partly responsible for the increased stiffness of the aging extracellular matrix. The striking age-related remodeling of the aortic architecture and the alterations of the interactions between cellular and extracellular compartments might greatly influence the functional properties of the arterial wall in senescence, at least contributing to the consequences of some apparently age-related vascular disorders. ( integrated system composed of collagen fibrils, elastic lamellae, proteoglycans, minor collagens, and structural glycoproteins that, together with cells, guarantees the major properties of the vascular compartment, i.e., the diffusion at proper rates of nutrients and other metabolic factors through optimal blood flow. -4Apart from calcifications, fibrosis, and atheromatous lesions, which are frequently observed in the vessel wall of several species 5 " 9 and which are at least partly responsible for the failure of the cardiovascular system with age, 7 little is known about the pathogenesis of the age-related modifications of the vessel wall, which may affect vascular properties such as elasticity and resilience and which may be of paramount importance in understanding specific pathological conditions. The present work was undertaken with the aim of focusing attention on the age-related modifications of the aortic arch in rats from birth to senescence. Qualitative and quantitative morphological data concerning the structure and distribution of the cellular and extracellular components were correlated with the activity of lysyl oxidase, the enzyme that catalyzes the formation of collagen and elastin cross-links and therefore contributes to the stabilization of these two polymers. Supported by Fondi (40%) and Ministero Universita e Ricerca Scientifica e Technologica (60%).Address for correspondence: Prof. C. Fornieri, 1st. Patologia Generale, Via Campi 287, 41100 Modena, Italy.Received April 21, 1992; accepted May 13, 1992. In the light of our results, we suggest that the interactions of the cellular and the extracellular compartments and the ratio between collagen and elastin play key roles in conditioning the morphological-functional properties of the arterial wall and, therefore, explain at least some of the consequences (although not the pathogenesis) of several pathological processes affecting the vascular compartment with inc...

show abstract

Catalytic activity of aortic lysyl oxidase in an insoluble enzyme-substrate complex

Cited by 76 publications

References 15 publications

Changes in aortic lysyl oxidase activity in diet-induced atherosclerosis in the rabbit.

Changes in aortic lysyl oxidase activity in diet-induced atherosclerosis in the rabbit.

Time course of and stimuli to compensatory growth of the lung after pneumonectomy.

Role of the extracellular matrix in age-related modifications of the rat aorta. Ultrastructural, morphometric, and enzymatic evaluations.

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About