Catalytic activity of Au–Pd/KIT-6 catalysts on the formic acid decomposition: investigation of calcination temperature and Pd:Au composition

Ghorbanpour, Farshid; Najafi Chermahini, Alireza; Shaybanizadeh, Shahram

doi:10.1007/s13738-024-03002-0

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

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“…Ghorbanpour et al showed that in the reaction of decomposition of formic acid, more hydrogen gas is released when sodium formate is used. 16,17 Alkyl levulinates (ALs) are biomass-based chemicals with many applications in various fields and can replace chemicals produced from petrochemical pathways. 18−23 Among the uses of ALs, one can mention their role as a solvent, additive, and precursor in producing gammavalerolactone (GVL).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been proposed that base-mediated enhanced proton transfer through a water bridge causes stabilization of the transition state in the H 2 heterolysis rate-determining reaction step. Ghorbanpour et al showed that in the reaction of decomposition of formic acid, more hydrogen gas is released when sodium formate is used. , Alkyl levulinates (ALs) are biomass-based chemicals with many applications in various fields and can replace chemicals produced from petrochemical pathways. − Among the uses of ALs, one can mention their role as a solvent, additive, and precursor in producing gamma-valerolactone (GVL). Ethyl levulinate (EL) is an ester with a fruity odor and can be prepared from levulinic acid (LA) or the reaction between furfuryl alcohol and ethanol. − Considering the existence of various sources for EL production, it can be pointed out that this combination is a suitable option for biofuel additives .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hydrogenation of Ethyl Levulinate to Gamma-Valerolactone with Formic Acid and a Palladium–Manganese Catalyst Immobilized on Dendritic Fibrous Nanosilica (DFNS)

Khabazi,

Najafi Chermahini,

Luque

et al. 2024

Energy Fuels

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Gamma-valerolactone (GVL) is a useful chemical with various applications obtained from the hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass. The present study aims to explore the synthesis of GVL through the hydrogenation of ethyl levulinate (EL) using a palladium−manganese bimetallic catalyst immobilized on a dendritic fibrous nanosilica (Pd x% −Mn y% /DFNS). The key strategy in this reaction involves utilizing the formic acid (FA) decomposition reaction to generate indirect hydrogen and catalytic transfer hydrogenation (CTH) process to convert EL to GVL, a safe and environmentally friendly method. As an economical and available source, EL has less acidity than LA and is more easily separated from the reaction medium. Also, FA (as a byproduct in various processes) can be used as a liquid medium to store hydrogen gas (without the risk of explosion). It can be a potential solution for long-term energy storage by considering the necessary infrastructure. This research showed that the catalytic activity of Pd has developed in the presence of Mn and DFNS and can be affordable. In this reaction, various parameters were investigated. Under the best conditions (1 mL of ethyl levulinate, 3 mL of formic acid, 3 mL of deionized water, 2 g of sodium formate, 50 mg of Pd 6% −Mn 3% /DFNS catalyst, and 8 h), the yields obtained for GVL are 70 and 99.5% at 180 and 230 °C, respectively. Meanwhile, the yield of GVL under the same conditions (without formic acid and sodium formate) using direct molecular hydrogen (2 MPa) at 180 °C was 76%. Also, various methods were used to characterize the catalysts, including Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction, Brunauer−Emmett−Teller, inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, transmission electron spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and elemental mapping.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%