1999
DOI: 10.1021/ie980758f
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Catalytic Conversion of Palm Oil to Hydrocarbons:  Performance of Various Zeolite Catalysts

Abstract: The catalytic cracking of palm oil to fuels was studied in a fixed bed microreactor operated at atmospheric pressure, a reaction temperature of 350−450 °C and weight hourly space velocities (WHSVs) of 1−4 h-1. HZSM-5, zeolite β, and ultrastable Y (USY) zeolites with different pore sizes were used to study the effects of reaction temperature and WHSV on the conversion of palm oil and yields of gasoline. The performances of HZSM-5−USY and HZSM-5−zeolite β hybrid catalysts containing 10, 20, and 30 wt % HZSM-5 we… Show more

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Cited by 219 publications
(135 citation statements)
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“…333,334 Table 29 shows the molar carbon selectivity for the pyrolysis reaction of rapeseed oil from 600 to 800°C. 335 As shown in Table 29, zeolite upgrading is a nonselective process making a range of compounds and undesired coke and lighter alkanes from vegetable oils.…”
Section: Pyrolysis and Zeolite Upgradingmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…333,334 Table 29 shows the molar carbon selectivity for the pyrolysis reaction of rapeseed oil from 600 to 800°C. 335 As shown in Table 29, zeolite upgrading is a nonselective process making a range of compounds and undesired coke and lighter alkanes from vegetable oils.…”
Section: Pyrolysis and Zeolite Upgradingmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…It also has a relatively low content in oxygen, bound in the form of acid functions that are easier to remove [59]. A variety of catalysts were tested in fixed bed, from Y and ZSM5 zeolite to mesoporous materials such as MCM41 [60][61][62][63]. In any configuration, these oils could be transformed with a very high conversion into hydrocarbons, mainly gasoline and gases, while the oxygen was removed in form of water and carbon dioxide plus traces of carbon monoxide.…”
Section: Oils From Biomass and Opportunity Stocksmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Selectivity to gasoline between 45 and 60% could be obtained on Y zeolite, with little diesel, no bottoms and low coke yields typical of light, highly paraffinic VGO. Using smaller pore (ZSM5) or mesopore (MCM-41) catalysts allowed modulating gasoline yield in favor of gas or diesel respectively [60]. Yet it is difficult to obtain very high yields of diesel in a cracking process due to its intrinsic chemistry, and triglycerides catalytic cracking will always be essentially oriented to gasoline and gas production.…”
Section: Oils From Biomass and Opportunity Stocksmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Twaiq et al tested palm oil with three zeolite catalysts, HZSM-5, zeolite β and USY (ultra stable Y structure) with HZSM-5, to assess their conversion, gasoline yield, selectivity for aromatics, and coke formation [9]. In subsequent work, the same group used HZSM-5 crystals to coat aluminosilicate mesoporous material.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%