“…Nanomaterials 2022, 12, x FOR PEER REVIEW 11 of 54 catalytic metal (Ct, such as Ni, Co, Fe, Pd) and transition metal (Me, such as Ti, V, Cr, Zr, Nb, Mo, Ta, W, Re) in an inert or a mixture of argon and nitrogen atmosphere for the achievement of conducting DBLs for the growth of VACNT. As previously published [113], the same team achieved a successful growth of well-developed VACNT only on Co-Zr-N-(O) alloy with specified properties of the DBL and CVD process of CNT growth (given in Table 3). Thus, they achieved growth of multi-layered VACNT with the rate of ~250 nm s −1 and a maximal CNT length of around 35 µm (Figure 7).…”