Catalytic effects of metal oxides on the decomposition of Potassium perchlorate

Zhang, Yunchang; Kshirsagar, Girish; Ellison, John E.; Cannon, James C.

doi:10.1016/0040-6031(95)02793-9

Cited by 17 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The data summarised in Table 2 is in line with what has been reported in the literature for these and similar oxides [8,9]. The thermal decomposition parameters presented in Table 2 reveal that the PP phase transition from the β-to the α-structure occurs at temperatures around 573 K, with the addition of An interesting observation was that, contrary to expectations, the d-block metal oxides are not necessarily the most active catalytic systems, with magnesium oxide showing the third lowest decomposition onset temperature.…”

Section: Differential Thermal Analysis Of Potassium Chlorate(vii) Decsupporting

confidence: 80%

Investigation of Metal Oxides as Catalysts for the Thermal Decomposition of Potassium Chlorate(VII)

Wojewódka¹,

Zakusylo²,

Кравець³

et al. 2018

Cent. Eur. J. Energ. Mater.

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Abstract:The results of studies on the thermal decomposition of potassium chlorate(VII) (PP) and the catalytic effects of copper, iron, nickel, titanium, magnesium, chromium and manganese oxides on the process are presented in this paper. The investigated oxides are ranked according to the magnitude of their catalytic effect; of these, CuO and МnО2 show the best catalytic performance. These oxides reduce the PP decomposition temperature from 919.3 K down to even 825.2 K. The share of the catalytic additive in the composition, required to achieve a desirable thermal decomposition profile, was found to be no more than 0.5 wt.%. The activation energy of the decomposition process was determined, using the modified Freeman and Carroll method for both neat PP and PP supplemented with MnO2; the addition of the catalyst produced a 48.8% decrease in the activation energy of thermal decomposition.

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Section: Differential Thermal Analysis Of Potassium Chlorate(vii) Decsupporting

confidence: 80%

Investigation of Metal Oxides as Catalysts for the Thermal Decomposition of Potassium Chlorate(VII)

Wojewódka¹,

Zakusylo²,

Кравець³

et al. 2018

Cent. Eur. J. Energ. Mater.

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“…Therefore, in this work, we focused on the mechanism of step one [30]. Based on the results of former researchers [14,31] and our present work, a hypothetical mechanism of the first step of LiClO 4 decomposition of the Ce x Cu 1−x O 1x catalyst is proposed, as shown in Fig. 8.…”

Section: G Hypothetic Mechanism Analysis Of Liclo 4 Decompositionmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…Some researchers [8,11,12] suggested that p-type semiconductors are the only active catalysts for the decomposition of perchlorates. Other researchers, like Cannon and Zhang [13] and Zhang et al [14], considered that metal oxides containing metal cations with half-filled d orbitals probably have high activities. They also believed that previous inconsistent conclusions were caused by differences in the surface areas of the additives.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous research [8,14,21] explored the catalytic effect of both CeO 2 and CuO on the decomposition of perchlorate. de la Fuente [8] has reported that the mechanism of catalyzed NH 4 ClO 4 thermal decomposition can be understood by an electron transfer process, whereas Chen et al [21] believed that CuO nanorods accelerated the NH 4 ClO 4 high-temperature decomposition by involving a proton transfer on surfaces.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Catalyst for Lithium Perchlorate Decomposition

Zhang

Yan

Qiu

et al. 2015

Journal of Propulsion and Power

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The use of metal oxide additives to modify the ability of solid propellants and other energetic materials has been the topic of much study. This work reports the enhancement of the decomposition of lithium perchlorate (LiClO 4 ) by means of employing Ce x Cu 1−x O 1x as a catalyst. The Ce x Cu 1−x O 1x composite catalysts synthesized through the collosol-gelling method with different mole ratios were designed to strongly enhance LiClO 4 decomposition through comparison with blank tests. The synthesized catalysts were characterized by scanning electron microscope, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, x-ray diffraction, x-ray photoelectron spectra, and H 2 -TPR analyses. Results showed that a solid solution was formed in the Ce x Cu 1−x O 1x catalysts. The Ce x Cu 1−x O 1x composite catalysts showed more lattice defects, smaller crystallites, larger surface area, and more oxygen vacancies than pure CuO and CeO 2 samples because of the interaction of Ce and Cu ions. Lattice defects, especially the reduced surface sites (that is, Ce 3 , Cu , and oxygen vacancies), played dominant roles in catalytic reactions of LiClO 4 decomposition. In addition, a hypothetical mechanism for LiClO 4 catalytic decomposition of the Ce x Cu 1−x O 1x catalyst was proposed.

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“…Various metal oxides have been shown to catalyze the decomposition of KClO 4 . 20 The elemental-Fe content ranged from 89.0% to 93.9% for three lots that were sampled. The corresponding total Fe ranged from 97.9% to 98.6%.…”

Section: Fe Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development History of Fe/KClO{sub 4} Heat Powders at Sandia and Related Aging Issues for Thermal Batteries

Guidotti¹

2001

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Pelletized pyrotechnic discs ("heat pellet") are used in thermally activated ("thermal") batteries for nuclear weapons for the Department of Energy (DOE) as well as in a large variety of missiles for the Department of Defense. Thermal batteries provide the primary power for these applications and depend on a molten-salt electrolyte. The batteries deliver power upon melting of the electrolyte caused by the heat released during burning of heat pellets in the battery stack. Prior to the use of heat pellets, a heat paper based on Zr/BaCrO 4 was used as the heat source in thermal batteries. This material had a number of disadvantages, including static and shock sensitivity and forming highly resistive reaction products that would not allow for intercell connection of cells in a stack. This report describes the history of the development of pelletized pyrotechnics at Sandia National Laboratories for the DOE's nuclear weapons. The final chemistry selected was Fe/KClO 4 , since it met all of the desired qualities for the anticipated applications. This report also provides relevant historical aging data for this material, as well as related data generated as part of a stockpile surveillance program.2

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Catalytic effects of metal oxides on the decomposition of Potassium perchlorate

Cited by 17 publications

References 8 publications

Investigation of Metal Oxides as Catalysts for the Thermal Decomposition of Potassium Chlorate(VII)

Investigation of Metal Oxides as Catalysts for the Thermal Decomposition of Potassium Chlorate(VII)

Catalyst for Lithium Perchlorate Decomposition

Development History of Fe/KClO{sub 4} Heat Powders at Sandia and Related Aging Issues for Thermal Batteries

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