Catalytic HDO of pyrolysis oil in supercritical ethanol with CoMoP and CoMoW catalysts supported on different carbon materials using formic acid as in-situ hydrogen sources

Upgrading Fast Pyrolysis Oil with Vacuum Gas Oil by Catalytic Hydrodeoxygenation in Supercritical Ethanol

“…5,6 However, the bio-oil cannot directly blend with typical petroleum-based fuels because of their high oxygen content, high water content, and thermal instability. 7 Besides, the high viscosity of bio-oil will lead to coke formation and phase separation during processes that rapidly increase its temperature. 8 There are several bio-oil upgrading methods, including distillation, 9 solvent extraction, 10 emulsification, 11,12 hydrotreatment, 13−15 and supercritical fluid treatment.…”

“…Partially integrating biomass-derived oil with conventional petroleum fuel has intensified the research attention nowadays owing to the pressing need for decarbonization of the petrochemical industry and the increasing environmental concerns. It is urgent to find an economical way to incorporate biocarbon into petroleum for reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from transportation fuels and chemical production and consumption. − Pyrolysis and hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) are two common thermochemical approaches that convert waste biomass, such as forest and agriculture residues, animal wastes, and municipal wastes, into bio-oils. , However, the bio-oil cannot directly blend with typical petroleum-based fuels because of their high oxygen content, high water content, and thermal instability . Besides, the high viscosity of bio-oil will lead to coke formation and phase separation during processes that rapidly increase its temperature …”

Catalytic hydrodeoxygenation of benzoic acid as a bio-oil model compound: reaction and kinetics using nickel-supported catalysts

“…22 Since the catalyst pore structures and acidity are shown to be very important in the HDO reaction, 23–25 the focus of recent research works has been to identify better solid-support candidates. 26,27…”