Catalytic hydrothermal gasification of algae for hydrogen production: Composition of reaction products and potential for nutrient recycling

Onwudili, Jude A.; Lea‐Langton, Amanda; Ross, Andrew B.; Williams, Paul T.

doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2012.10.020

Cited by 191 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The positive effects of other (earth) alkali salts such as (NaOH, Ca(OH)2, Na2CO3, NaHCO3) on the gasification yield have also been reported by other authors [67][68][69][70][71] for different kinds of biomass feedstocks. Yildiz Bircan et al [72] investigated the addition of Ca(OH)2 on the gasification performance of an amino acid, L-cysteine.…”

Section: Effect Of Salts and The Role As Homogeneous Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 72%

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Supercritical Water Gasification of Biomass: A Literature and Technology Overview

Yakaboylu

Harinck

Smit³

et al. 2015

Energies

182

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Abstract:The supercritical water gasification process is an alternative to both conventional gasification as well as anaerobic digestion as it does not require drying and the process takes place at much shorter residence times; a few minutes at most. The drastic changes in the thermo-physical properties of water from the liquid state to the supercritical state make it a promising technology for the efficient conversion of wet biomass into a product gas that after upgrading can be used as substitute natural gas. The earliest research goes back as far as the 1970s and since then, supercritical water has been the subject of many research works in the field of thermochemical conversion of wet biomass. This article reviews the state of the art of the supercritical water gasification technology starting from the thermophysical properties of water and the chemistry of reactions to the process challenges of such a biomass based supercritical water gasification process plant.

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Section: Effect Of Salts and The Role As Homogeneous Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…Onwudili et al [71] gasified three different types of microalgae samples (Chlorella vulgaris, Spirulina platensis and Saccharina latissima) at 500 °C and 36 MPa in an Inconel batch reactor for 30 min. They also tested the influence of NaOH and/or Ni-Al2O3 on the gasification performance.…”

Section: Algaementioning

confidence: 99%

Supercritical Water Gasification of Biomass: A Literature and Technology Overview

Yakaboylu

Harinck

Smit³

et al. 2015

Energies

182

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“…A study of SCWG of S. latissima harvested during various months found that seaweed harvested in July produced gas with the highest calorific value, due to the lower ash content and the higher carbohydrate content [91]. Upon addition of NaOH in the SCWG of the macroalgae, Saccharina, there was a three-fold increase in H2 production, along with an increase in methane, decrease in C2-C4 yields and the elimination of CO and CO2 from the syngas [92]. The origins of these observations are believed to be due to the removal of CO2 through reactions that form Na2CO3, a process that disrupts the water-gas shift equilibrium together with a similar scenario for increased methane production through alkaline catalysed decarboxylation of acetate groups of the primary sugar components of seaweed.…”

Section: Gasificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Macroalgae-Derived Biofuel: A Review of Methods of Energy Extraction from Seaweed Biomass

et al. 2014

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Abstract:The potential of algal biomass as a source of liquid and gaseous biofuels is a highly topical theme, but as yet there is no successful economically viable commercial system producing biofuel. However, the majority of the research has focused on producing fuels from microalgae rather than from macroalgae. This article briefly reviews the methods by which useful energy may be extracted from macroalgae biomass including: direct combustion, pyrolysis, gasification, trans-esterification to biodiesel, hydrothermal liquefaction, fermentation to bioethanol, fermentation to biobutanol and anaerobic digestion, and explores technical and engineering difficulties that remain to be resolved.

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“…The major elements commonly present in biomass ash include Al, Ca, Na, K, Si, Mg in addition to other minor components [54]. The presence of alkaline metals tend to promote hydrogen yield, hence biomass sample with high alkaline ash may produce more hydrogen than those without.…”

Section: Biomass Typesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrothermal Gasification of Biomass for Hydrogen Production

Onwudili

2014

Green Chemistry and Sustainable Technology

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Over 90 % of the world's current hydrogen production capacity comes from the use of fossil fuels including coal, oil, and natural gas. In recent years, natural gas has become the major source of hydrogen. However, these fossil fuels are finite resources, produce greenhouse gases, and will eventually run out. Biomass presents a proven store of chemical energy, which can be converted into hydrogen by various processes. Hydrogen from biomass will be the world's cleanest fuel, being produced from a renewable carbon-neutral source and its combustion produces no carbon emissions. Hydrothermal gasification has the potential to produce high quality and high yield of hydrogen from, especially, very wet biomass feedstocks and particularly the carbohydrate-rich types. Water is an important reactant for hydrogen production in biomass HTG, thereby avoiding dewatering of wet feedstocks. The chemistry of hydrogen production from biomass HTG largely depends on the reforming of biomass into simple organic molecules that are capable of being gasified into carbon monoxide. Hydrogen is then produced via water-gas shift reaction. The developments of various reactor designs and catalysts for high hydrogen selectivities are ongoing at various research centers around the world. A great deal of knowledge about this process is available, however, there are still challenges regarding the stability and recovery of catalysts, preprocessing of biomass for continuous operations and other process optimization and intensification issues.

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Catalytic hydrothermal gasification of algae for hydrogen production: Composition of reaction products and potential for nutrient recycling

Cited by 191 publications

References 30 publications

Supercritical Water Gasification of Biomass: A Literature and Technology Overview

Supercritical Water Gasification of Biomass: A Literature and Technology Overview

Macroalgae-Derived Biofuel: A Review of Methods of Energy Extraction from Seaweed Biomass

Hydrothermal Gasification of Biomass for Hydrogen Production

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