Catalytic Materials for Gasoline Particulate Filters Soot Oxidation

Abstract

The energy efficiency of Gasoline Direct Injection (GDI) engines is leading to a continuous increase in GDI engine vehicle population. Consequently, their particulate matter (soot) emissions are also becoming a matter of concern. As required for diesel engines, to meet the limits set by regulations, catalyzed particulate filters are considered as an effective solution through which soot could be trapped and burnt out. However, in contrast to diesel application, the regeneration of gasoline particulate filters (GPF) is critical, as it occurs with almost an absence of NOx and under oxygen deficiency. Therefore, in the recent years it was of scientific interest to develop efficient soot oxidation catalysts that fit such particular gasoline operating conditions. Among them ceria- and perovskite-based formulations are emerging as the most promising materials. This overview summarizes the very recent academic contributions focusing on soot oxidation materials for GDI, in order to point out the most promising directions in this research area.

Tailoring the Composition of BaxBO3 (B = Fe, Mn) Mixed Oxides as CO or Soot Oxidation Catalysts in Simulated GDI Engine Exhaust Conditions

“…These chemical species, which are highlighted as hazardous emissions generated by gasoline direct injection (GDI) engines, have become more relevant in recent last years [10,11]. As GDI-engine-based vehicles offer a high fuel economy and reduced CO 2 emissions (compared to other gasoline engines), they were the most widely purchased passenger cars in 2017 [12].…”

Effect of High-Energy Milling on Ceria-Zirconia’s Redox Properties

“…Currently, mechanochemical routes are regarded as a powerful tool for making materials with enhanced properties. Among the promising applications of mechanochemically activated CZ materials are gasoline and diesel particulate filters (GPFs and DPFs, respectively), where the washcoat needs to comprise nano-particles that do not block the gas passage through the substrate [15][16][17]. Typically, CZ nano-slurries for GPFs/DPFs were made using wet milling techniques.…”

Modified BaMnO3-Based Catalysts for Gasoline Particle Filters (GPF): A Preliminary Study

“…T. Boger et al proved that the passive oxidation of soot could be performed at the hightemperature exhaust of GDI engines (400-700 • C) [41]; thus, the soot oxidation process occurs through different mechanisms as a function of the composition and temperature. Currently, GDI engines present a high fuel economy and reduced CO 2 emission (compared to other gasoline engines), which positioned them as the most bought passenger car in 2017 [43]. However, due to the presence of a fuel-rich stage, leading to the incomplete combustion of the remaining fuel into the chamber, a large amount of small soot particles are formed that present a high health risk [42,43].…”