A nanostructured CeO 2 -MnO x catalyst was synthesized by a coprecipitation method and subjected to different calcination temperatures at 773 and 1073 K to understand the surface structure and the thermal stability. The structural and redox properties were deeply investigated by various techniques, namely, Xray diffraction (XRD), inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Raman spectroscopy (RS), hydrogen-temperature programmed reduction (H 2 -TPR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The CeO 2 -MnO x catalyst calcined at 773 K was tested towards elemental mercury (Hg 0 ) oxidation and the achieved results are compared with the pure CeO 2 and MnO x . The XRD and TEM results confirmed the incorporation of Mn ions into the ceria lattice and the formation of a nanostructured solid solution, respectively. The RS and TPR results showed that the CeO 2 -MnO x catalyst exhibits more oxygen vacancies with superior redox ability over CeO 2 and MnO x . XPS analysis indicates that Ce and Mn existed in multiple oxidation states. Compared to pure CeO 2 and MnO x , the CeO 2 -MnO x catalyst exhibited greater Hg 0 oxidation efficiency (E oxi ) of 11.7, 33.5, and 89.6% in the presence of HCl, O 2 , and HCl/O 2mix conditions, respectively. The results clearly indicated that the HCl/O 2 -mix had a promotional effect on the catalytic Hg 0 oxidation. This was most likely due to the presence of surface oxygen species and oxygen vacancies being generated by a synergetic effect between CeO 2 and MnO x . In the presence of HCl, the CeO 2 -MnO x catalyst exhibited good adsorption efficiency (E ads ) of 92.4% over pure CeO 2 (46.5%) and MnO x (80.6%). It was found that increasing the operating temperature from 423 to 573 K resulted in considerable increase of E oxi and a decrease in the sorption of Hg 0 on the catalyst. .in; Tel: +61 3 9925 3365 † Electronic supplementary information (ESI) available: The chemical compositions of CeO 2 -MnO x mixed oxides, binding energies of spent catalysts, experimental diagram, calibration experiments for Hg 0 inlet , Ce 3d, O 1s, Mn 2p, Hg 4f and Cl 2p XPS spectra of spent catalysts calcined at 773 K. See