Catalytic performance of iron-mesoporous nanomaterials synthesized by a microwave-hydrothermal process

Abstract

The liquid-phase benzylation of aromatic compounds with benzyl chloride (BC) has been investigated over a series of iron-FSM-16 materials with different Si/Fe ratios (Si/Fe = 90, 60, and 10) synthesized by a microwavehydrothermal (M-H) process and characterized by several spectroscopic techniques such as N 2 adsorption measurements, X-ray diffraction, electron spin resonance (ESR) and Mössbauer spectroscopy. Catalytic data in the benzylation of aromatic compounds such as benzene and toluene with BC show that Fe-FSM-16 samples synthesized by the M-H process are very active and recyclable catalysts. The kinetics of benzene benzylation over this catalyst has been thoroughly investigated.

Low dose inflammatory potential of silica particles in human-derived THP-1 macrophage cell culture studies – Mechanism and effects of particle size and iron

“…The concentration of iron, coated onto the surface of the silica particles, was measured by both calorimetric assay and Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS). Iron was mainly chosen as the metal dopant to silica as it is a common metal added to (i.e., for catalysis) or found as a contaminant in nanomaterials, and is capable of redox cycling [55]. In addition, iron impurities are also present in the raw materials or precursors used for particle synthesis.…”

Microwave Hydrothermal and Solvothermal Processing of Materials and Compounds

“…These species correspond to hematite particles, very small "isolated" or oligomeric Fe(III) species possibly incorporated in the mesoporous silica wall, and Fe(III) oxide clusters either isolated or agglomerated, forming "rafts" at the surface of the silica and exhibiting ferromagnetic ordering. Applying similar Fe-FSM-16 materials, the liquid-phase benzylation of aromatic compounds with benzyl chloride (BC) was investigated (Bachari et al, 2010). Catalytic data in the benzylation of aromatic compounds such as benzene and toluene with BC show that Fe-FSM-16 samples synthesized by the M-H process are very active and recyclable catalysts.…”

Long-chain double SO3H-functionalized Brønsted acidic ionic liquids catalyzed selective alkylation of phenol andp-cresol with tert-butanol

“…Homogenous and heterogeneous catalysts were developed for this transformation. For example, AlCl 3 , FeCl 3 , and ZnCl 2 (4), H 2 SO 4 , H 3 PO 4 , HF, HClO 4 (5), mesoporous materials (6)(7)(8), heteropoly acids (9), zeolites (10), cation exchange resin (11), sulfated zirconia (12), polymer-supported sulfonamide (13), silica supported Al (14), and transition metal oxides (15), and so on. However, based on the standards of green chemistry, these procedures are suffering from disadvantages, such as corrosion equipments, lack of selectivity, environmental pollution, complex processes and difficult work-ups, catalyst with high cost or poor thermal stability, prone to deactivation, etc.…”