Catalytic properties of Ga–HMS-n materials in the tertiary butylation of phenol

Bachari, K.; Touileb, A.; Touati, M.; Cherifi, O.

doi:10.1016/j.molcata.2008.07.001

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…at a reaction temperature of 160°C, which is higher as compared to Ga-HMS[43], Ga-MCM-41 and Ga-MCM-48 prepared by conventional hydrothermal synthesis[35] under comparable conditions. The activity of the catalysts employed in this study decreases in the following order: Ga-FSM-16(20) [ Ga-FSM-16(50) [ Ga-FSM-16 (80).…”

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confidence: 90%

“…Since the discovery of the mesoporous MCM-41S family [30,31], B, Al, Ga and Fe atoms have been successfully incorporated into the frameworks of mesoporous silicas by direct one-step synthesis or via post-synthesis modification for obtaining mesoporous solid acid catalysts. Their catalytic tests in the tertbutylation of phenol have also been extensively investigated [32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50]. Selvam and co-workers have reported that mesoporous MeMCM-48 and MeMCM-41 (Me = Ga, Fe, Al) solid catalysts possessed moderate acidity and were appropriate for the selective synthesis of 4-TBP [29,35,[39][40][41].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Structural characterization and catalytic properties of gallium-modified folded sheet mesoporous materials prepared using microwave-hydrothermal process

Bachari

Guerroudj

Lamouchi

2010

Reac Kinet Mech Cat

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The tertiary butylation of phenol has been investigated over a series of gallium-modified folded sheet mesoporous materials (Ga-FSM-16) with different Si/Ga ratios (Si/Ga = 80, 50, 20) synthesized by the microwave-hydrothermal (M-H) process and characterized by several spectroscopic techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), N 2 adsorption, temperature-programmed desorption (TPD) of pyridine and 71 Ga MAS-NMR spectroscopy. The catalyst showed the best performance in the acidcatalyzed tertiary butylation of phenol employing tert-butanol as the alkylation agent. A high phenol conversion of 80.3% is observed for this catalyst at a reaction temperature of 160°C. However, the 4-tert-butyl phenol (4-TBP) yield amounts to 43.3% and the 2,4-di-tert-butyl phenol (2,4-DTBP) yield is 30.3%. Furthermore, due to the large pore size, which allows a faster diffusion of reactants and products, catalyst deactivation of Ga-FSM-16 (20) was not observed even after reaction for 5 h.

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confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural characterization and catalytic properties of gallium-modified folded sheet mesoporous materials prepared using microwave-hydrothermal process

Bachari

Guerroudj

Lamouchi

2010

Reac Kinet Mech Cat

Self Cite

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“…Despite the literature reporting phenol alkylation catalyzed by homogeneous Bronsted acids, i.e. HCIO 4 , H 3 PO 4 , H 2 SO 4 , HF, and Lewis acids such as BF 3 and AlCl 3 [7,8], the use of heterogeneous catalysts is favorable due to many desirable advantages.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Vinu et al have studied the vapor-phase phenol alkylation over AlSBA-15 and reported a phenol conversion of 86.3% at 150 • C [9]. Other related materials which have been tested by gas-phase phenol alkylation include H 3 PO 4 /MCM-41 [10], Ga-HMS-30 [7] and Al-MCM-41 [3]. It was found that a cost-effective liquid-phase phenol alkylation with tert-butyl alcohol over a hybrid heterogeneous catalyst is very limited in the literature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%