Catalytic pyrolysis of coconut oil with Ni/SBA-15 for the production of bio jet fuel

Medeiros, Aldo Miro de; Castro, Karoline de Sousa; Macêdo, Mayara Lopes Gundim de; Araújo, Aruzza Mabel de Morais; Silva, Djalma Ribeiro da; Gondim, Amanda Duarte

doi:10.1039/d2ra00866a

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…These five prominent peaks were also observed at similar 2θ values in the wide-angle PXRD patterns of Ni/SBA-15 synthesized through different methods. 26,28 The N 2 adsorption/desorption isotherms of SBA-15 and Ni/ SBA-15 were type IV isotherms. A hysteresis loop at p/p 0 0.6− 1.0 of type H1 was observed, indicating that the materials had uniform mesoporous channels 27 (Figure 3).…”

Section: Characterization Of Catalystmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…27 For the SBA-15 sample synthesized using the ultrasonic method in this study, there was a shift in the Miller index [100] peak to a lower angle of 2θ when compared to SBA-15 synthesized through the traditional stirring method. 24,26 The shift may indicate an increase in lattice distance (d100) and unit cell parameters of the sample. 26,54 After modification with Ni, the peak intensity, with a Miller index of 100, decreased significantly; however, the other two peaks were still clearly observable, indicating that the material's structural order was preserved to some extent.…”

Section: Characterization Of Catalystmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…24,26 The shift may indicate an increase in lattice distance (d100) and unit cell parameters of the sample. 26,54 After modification with Ni, the peak intensity, with a Miller index of 100, decreased significantly; however, the other two peaks were still clearly observable, indicating that the material's structural order was preserved to some extent. The wide-angle PXRD patterns of SBA-15 showed a broad peak at 2θ values between 15 and 35°(Figure 2), which could be attributed to amorphous SBA-15 material.…”

Section: Characterization Of Catalystmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this research, Ni/SBA-15 catalyst was used in the pyrolysis of Botryococcus braunii . SBA-15 is a mesoporous silica material with an ordered hexagonal structure and has many applications, such as in adsorption and catalysis. , SBA-15 has many potential advantages over other mesoporous silicas, such as MCM-41 and HMS, including higher surface area, larger pore volume, thicker pore walls, and higher thermal stability . SBA-15’s ordered channel system with high internal surface area and pore volume may indicate a high capability to disperse and stabilize oxide and metal nanoparticles …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The synthesis of SBA-15 as a catalyst support in the previous studies ,− were often performed using the sol–gel method with Pluronic 123 as a template and tetraethylorthosilicate as silica sources. This method requires a considerable time commitment for the hydrolysis–condensation process, which is usually 24 h. In the present study, the synthesis of SBA-15 is conducted using the ultrasonic-assisted sol–gel method for which the hydrolysis–condensation stage is 3 h. The sonication method is used as an alternative to the process of stirring, heating, and vibrating in hydrothermal synthesis .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Catalytic Pyrolysis of the Green Microalgae Botryococcus braunii over Ni/SBA-15 Prepared by the Ultrasonic-Assisted Sol-Gel Method

et al. 2023

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The pyrolysis of the green microalgae Botryococcus braunii in the absence and the presence of Ni/SBA-15 prepared by the ultrasonic-assisted sol–gel was investigated using pyrolysis–gas chromatography–mass spectroscopy (Py-GC/MS). Pyrolysis experiments were performed at 350, 450, and 550 °C under helium (He) flow. In the absence of a catalyst, the chemical composition of pyrolysis products at different temperatures, based on the relative peak area, comprised protein/amino acid derivative products of 9–15%, carbohydrate derivative products of 5–10%, lipid derivative products of 13–26%, and chlorophyll derivative products of 24–26%. For catalytic pyrolysis, the chemical composition of pyrolysis products comprised protein/amino acid derivative products of 5–15%, carbohydrate derivative products of 18–19.5%, lipid derivative products of 14–27%, and chlorophyll derivative products of 15–20%. The addition of 10% Ni/SBA-15 enhanced the production of aromatic compounds, such as furans, furfurals, alkyl aromatics, and nitrogen aromatic compounds. These were the thermal degradation products of carbohydrates and proteins. However, the amount of fatty acids and phytol fragments in the pyrolysis of Botryococcus braunii decreased in the presence of catalyst. Thermogravimetric analyses showed that the temperature range for the pyrolysis of Botryococcus braunii was 135–547 °C, while that of the catalyzed pyrolysis was 135–532 °C. There was a decrease in pyrolysis yield after incorporating Ni/SBA-15, which may be due to coke formation.

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Section: Characterization Of Catalystmentioning

confidence: 99%