Catalytic pyrolysis of palm kernel shell waste in a fluidized bed

Kim, Sung Won; Koo, Bon Seok; Lee, Dong Hoon

doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2014.06.050

Cited by 41 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(63 reference statements)

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“…The use of zeolite catalysts in the pyrolysis process generally increase excess gas production as a result of secondary cracking of lignocellulose (Kim et al, 2014). But in this research the gas yield has decreased in the use of catalysts from ~ 32 wt% to ~ 26 wt%.…”

Section: Characterization Of Pyrolysis Productsmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…The reduced gas yield on catalyst use occurs because there is no secondary cracking due to the closure of the catalyst pores by the coke formed on the surface of the catalyst, so that condensable steam cannot diffuse to the active site of the catalyst. In the same study by (Kim et al, 2014) gas yields have decreased in the use of E-cat type catalysts by increasing solid and bio-oil yields.…”

Section: Characterization Of Pyrolysis Productsmentioning

confidence: 85%

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Effect of Acid Concentration on the Activation of Bayah Natural Zeolite for Palm Kernel Shell Pyrolysis Application

Suhendi

Wibowo

Lestari

et al. 2020

Reaktor

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Biooil is the main product in the pyrolysis process which is expected to be a liquid fuel replacement solution. But the resulting biooil cannot be directly used as a result of high oxygenated compounds, high viscosity, corrosive, and unstable. Addition of activated natural zeolite catalyst to the pyrolysis process is expected to improve the quality of biooil in order to be used as a renewable liquid fuel. The research aims to determine the influence of acid concentrations on zeolite modification to the characteristics of pyrolysis products. Result of catalyst characterization indicates that zeolite activation using acid will increase Si/Al ratio as well as open the surface of previously hindered zeolite. The yield of char produced in this study tends not to undergo significant changes between the catalytic and noncatalytic pyrolysis by 33% wt. Addition of zeolite catalyst in pyrolysis proved to be able to increase the content of phenol and decrease the content of acetic acid in bio-oil by 6% . Meanwhile, yield of CO2 increases by 20% in the use of catalysts due to the release of oxygen in the oxygenate compounds. The results of this study showed that the resulting biooil still does not meet the specifications of liquid fuels but can be utilized as a renewable chemical feedstock.Keywords: pyrolysis; biomass; natural zeolite;modified

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Section: Characterization Of Pyrolysis Productsmentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Characterization Of Pyrolysis Productsmentioning

confidence: 85%

Effect of Acid Concentration on the Activation of Bayah Natural Zeolite for Palm Kernel Shell Pyrolysis Application

Suhendi

Wibowo

Lestari

et al. 2020

Reaktor

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“…Pyrolysis is a process of combustion biomass without involving oxygen at high temperatures (temperatures between 450 o C -600 o C) with the main product is a liquid (Olifitria, 2011). Liquid products require deoxygenation to reduce the level of oxygenate content that is too high in the application of liquid product as a fuel or chemical with the use of catalysts (Kim et al, 2014;Zhang et al, 2013;Muthia, 2011;Wardana, 2016). One of the more effective methods to improve the quality of liquid product by using catalytic fast pyrolysis, which is a combination of thermal pyrolysis of biomass with catalytic reforming processes for the direct conversion of 62 biomass into fuel and high quality chemicals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(Zhang et al, 2013;Garcia et al, 2014). Catalysts that have been used in various catalytic pyrolysis, such as ZSM-5 (Kim et al, 2014;Garcia et al, 2014), FCC (Zhang et al, 2013;Kim et al, 2014), and nature zeolite (Muthia, 2011;Wardana, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyrolysis of Palm Kernel Shell to Chemicals by Using Bayah Natural Zeolites

Suhendi

Naibaho

Fauzan

et al. 2020

JBAT

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Palm kernel shell (PKS) is one of the biomass with high potential that can be converted into chemicals. In this study, palm kernel shell (PKS) was converted by pyrolysis method to produce condensed liquid products, gas, and solid. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of catalyst activation time on yields and characteristics of PKS waste pyrolysis products. The pyrolysis process was carried out at a temperature of 500oC. Based on the results obtained with the addition of catalysts at 7 hr of activation can reduce the yield of solid products by 1.5% wt and 9.01% wt of liquid and increase the yield of gas products by 10.51% wt. On the characteristics of solid product there is a decrease in volatile matter by 55.04% wt and an increase fixed carbon by 40.27% wt. The gas characteristics, the H2 and CO gas decreases by 5.43% v/v and 1.36% v/v and the increase in CH4 and CO2 gas by 1.07% v/v and 5.72% v/v. Characteristics of the liquid obtained an increase in the amount of acetic acid by 11.75% v/v and decrease phenol compounds by 13.08% v/v. The result liquid product can be applied as a chemical.

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“…Together with the decomposition of the lignin, -aryl and b-aryl ether linkages and carbon-carbon bonds are cleavage and they cause to the formation of compounds in new molecular structure and gas products. Polymers to get decomposed and formation of bio-oil phase rich of chemical compounds happen easier at the high temperatures [51][52][53][54][55].…”

Section: Effect Of the Temperature On Product Yieldsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermochemical conversion of Phellinus pomaceus via supercritical fluid extraction and pyrolysis processes

Durak

2015

Energy Conversion and Management

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Catalytic pyrolysis of palm kernel shell waste in a fluidized bed

Cited by 41 publications

References 34 publications

Effect of Acid Concentration on the Activation of Bayah Natural Zeolite for Palm Kernel Shell Pyrolysis Application

Effect of Acid Concentration on the Activation of Bayah Natural Zeolite for Palm Kernel Shell Pyrolysis Application

Pyrolysis of Palm Kernel Shell to Chemicals by Using Bayah Natural Zeolites

Thermochemical conversion of Phellinus pomaceus via supercritical fluid extraction and pyrolysis processes

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