Catalytic reactions of gamma-valerolactone: A platform to fuels and value-added chemicals

Yan, Kai; Yang, Yunfan; Chai, Jiajue; Lu, Yiran

doi:10.1016/j.apcatb.2015.04.030

Cited by 403 publications

(233 citation statements)

References 117 publications

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“…Lignocellulosic biomass is high in carbohydrate content (cellulose, hemicellulose), which can be readily hydrolyzed with dilute acid or enzymes then converted (in the presence of catalyst) into fine chemicals (Yan et al 2015). This has attracted the attention of many researchers and industrial sectors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalytic Conversion of Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB) Fibres into Lactic Acid by Lead (II) ions

Chin¹,

Tasirin²,

Chan³

et al. 2016

BioResources

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Lactic acid (LA) is a potential platform chemical that can be produced from lignocellulosic biomass. The development of a cost-competitive, catalyticbased LA production system is gaining significant attention in modern biorefineries. A series of experimental study was carried out to investigate the chemocatalytic effect of the conversion of oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) fibers into lactic acid under hydrothermal conditions. Synthesis of chemicals from lignocellulosic biomass involves complex mechanisms because of the complex composition of the biomass. Therefore, experimental parameters, i.e., temperature, Pb(II) concentration, and reaction time were studied. It was found that production of LA is highly dependent on the experimental conditions. In this study, the highest LA yield obtained from EFB fibers was > 46% (230 °C, 2 mM Pb(II) after 4 h of reaction). However, a similar yield can be achieved either using higher Pb(II) and shorter reactions time or vice versa. The selective production of chemical compounds (glucose, 5-hydroxymethyl furfural (5-HMF), furfural, levulinic acid, and lactic acid) from EFB fibers is highly dependent on the availability of Pb(II) ions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalytic Conversion of Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB) Fibres into Lactic Acid by Lead (II) ions

Chin¹,

Tasirin²,

Chan³

et al. 2016

BioResources

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“…Levulinic acid is considered to be a versatile biobased building block to be further converted in solvents, plasticizers, fuels, value-added chemicals, monomers for polymers, etc. [1,[45][46][47][48][49][50]. Examples of important chemicals from LA and their potential applications are showed in Figure 5.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Catalysts 2016, 6,196 5 of 29 levulinic acid [13,47,[50][51][52], in addition to the several important compounds obtained from their upgrading, such as 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, hydrocarbon fuels, valerate esters and polymers [49]. The development of new LA-derived products is continuously in progress, alongside LA production at larger scale.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Examples of important chemicals from LA and their potential applications are showed in Figure 5. Such valuable chemicals include γ-valerolactone, levulinate esters and also angelica lactone, ketals, diphenolic acid and δ-amino levulinic acid [13,47,[50][51][52], in addition to the several important compounds obtained from their upgrading, such as 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, hydrocarbon fuels, valerate esters and polymers [49].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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New Frontiers in the Catalytic Synthesis of Levulinic Acid: From Sugars to Raw and Waste Biomass as Starting Feedstock

et al. 2016

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Levulinic acid (LA) is one of the top bio-based platform molecules that can be converted into many valuable chemicals. It can be produced by acid catalysis from renewable resources, such as sugars, lignocellulosic biomass and waste materials, attractive candidates due to their abundance and environmentally benign nature. The LA transition from niche product to mass-produced chemical, however, requires its production from sustainable biomass feedstocks at low costs, adopting environment-friendly techniques. This review is an up-to-date discussion of the literature on the several catalytic systems that have been developed to produce LA from the different substrates. Special attention has been paid to the recent advancements on starting materials, moving from simple sugars to raw and waste biomasses. This aspect is of paramount importance from a sustainability point of view, transforming wastes needing to be disposed into starting materials for value-added products. This review also discusses the strategies to exploit the solid residues always obtained in the LA production processes, in order to attain a circular economy approach.

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“…Lignocellulosic biomasses are abundant and inedible resources that can be easily obtainable also from agricultural residues and waste. A variety of chemical routes and industrial processes have been explored to valorize lignocellulosic biomasses [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. Since lignocellulose has a complex "chemical-architecture" [24], one strategy is the first deconstruction into cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin (Figure 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Upgrading Lignocellulosic Biomasses: Hydrogenolysis of Platform Derived Molecules Promoted by Heterogeneous Pd-Fe Catalysts

et al. 2017

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Abstract:This review provides an overview of heterogeneous bimetallic Pd-Fe catalysts in the C-C and C-O cleavage of platform molecules such as C2-C6 polyols, furfural, phenol derivatives and aromatic ethers that are all easily obtainable from renewable cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin (the major components of lignocellulosic biomasses). The interaction between palladium and iron affords bimetallic Pd-Fe sites (ensemble or alloy) that were found to be very active in several sustainable reactions including hydrogenolysis, catalytic transfer hydrogenolysis (CTH) and aqueous phase reforming (APR) that will be highlighted. This contribution concentrates also on the different synthetic strategies (incipient wetness impregnation, deposition-precipitaion, co-precipitaion) adopted for the preparation of heterogeneous Pd-Fe systems as well as on the main characterization techniques used (XRD, TEM, H 2 -TPR, XPS and EXAFS) in order to elucidate the key factors that influence the unique catalytic performances observed.

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Catalytic reactions of gamma-valerolactone: A platform to fuels and value-added chemicals

Cited by 403 publications

References 117 publications

Catalytic Conversion of Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB) Fibres into Lactic Acid by Lead (II) ions

Catalytic Conversion of Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB) Fibres into Lactic Acid by Lead (II) ions

New Frontiers in the Catalytic Synthesis of Levulinic Acid: From Sugars to Raw and Waste Biomass as Starting Feedstock

Upgrading Lignocellulosic Biomasses: Hydrogenolysis of Platform Derived Molecules Promoted by Heterogeneous Pd-Fe Catalysts

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