Catalytic Thermochemical Processes for Biomass Conversion to Biofuels and Chemicals

Wu, Lin; Zhou, Chun Hui; Tong, Dong Shen; Yu, Wei

doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-59561-4.00015-2

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 94 publications

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“…In an ablative reactor, the feedstock is pressed onto a hot surface, and the heating is conducted by using hot flue gas. The gas is produced by pyrolysis combustion gases [116]. The main product is pyrolysis oil [117].…”

Section: Ablative Plate Reactormentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Pyrolysis Technologies and the Effect of Process Parameters on Biocarbon Properties

Pahnila,

Koskela,

Sulasalmi

et al. 2023

Energies

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Biomass-based solutions have been discussed as having the potential to replace fossil-based solutions in the iron and steel industry. To produce the biocarbon required in these processes, thermochemical treatment, pyrolysis, typically takes place. There are various ways to produce biocarbon, alongside other products, which are called pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis gas. These conversion methods can be divided into conventional and non-conventional methods. In this paper, those techniques and technologies to produce biocarbon are summarized and reviewed. Additionally, the effect of different process parameters and their effect on biocarbon yield and properties are summarized. The process parameters considered were final pyrolysis temperature, heating rate, reaction atmosphere, pressure, catalyst, use of binders, and particle size. Finally, the effect of different reactor configurations is discussed. Understanding the combination of these methods, technology parameters, and reactor configurations will help to produce biocarbon with the desired quality and highest yield possible.

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Section: Ablative Plate Reactormentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Pyrolysis Technologies and the Effect of Process Parameters on Biocarbon Properties

Pahnila,

Koskela,

Sulasalmi

et al. 2023

Energies

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“…Dolomite (CaCO 3 .MgCO 3 ) has very high efficiency and does not need to undergo any regeneration after the catalytic process ( Widjaya et al, 2018 ). Other than those, nickel-aluminum catalysts and nickel-olivine catalysts have also shown practical usage during coal gasification of methane for hydrogen production ( Mei Wu et al, 2014 ). Ni-based catalysts, in general, are involved in removing tars and excess methane.…”

Section: Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These include potassium carbonate, potassium sulfide, sodium carbonate, and sodium sulfide. During these reactions, lower temperatures are better preferred, that is, between 700 and 925°C ( Mei Wu et al, 2014 ). These catalysts are added to the gasifier present on coal or char.…”

Section: Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermocatalytic Hydrogen Production Through Decomposition of Methane-A Review

et al. 2021

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Consumption of fossil fuels, especially in transport and energy-dependent sectors, has led to large greenhouse gas production. Hydrogen is an exciting energy source that can serve our energy purposes and decrease toxic waste production. Decomposition of methane yields hydrogen devoid of COx components, thereby aiding as an eco-friendly approach towards large-scale hydrogen production. This review article is focused on hydrogen production through thermocatalytic methane decomposition (TMD) for hydrogen production. The thermodynamics of this approach has been highlighted. Various methods of hydrogen production from fossil fuels and renewable resources were discussed. Methods including steam methane reforming, partial oxidation of methane, auto thermal reforming, direct biomass gasification, thermal water splitting, methane pyrolysis, aqueous reforming, and coal gasification have been reported in this article. A detailed overview of the different types of catalysts available, the reasons behind their deactivation, and their possible regeneration methods were discussed. Finally, we presented the challenges and future perspectives for hydrogen production via TMD. This review concluded that among all catalysts, nickel, ruthenium and platinum-based catalysts show the highest activity and catalytic efficiency and gave carbon-free hydrogen products during the TMD process. However, their rapid deactivation at high temperatures still needs the attention of the scientific community.

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