Catalytic upgrading of biorefinery oil from micro-algae

Tran, Ngoc Quang; Bartlett, John R.; Kannangara, G. S. Kamali; Milev, Adriyan; Volk, Herbert; Wilson, Moira

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2009.08.015

Cited by 178 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Hydrogen used for these purposes is today mainly produced from mineral oil. Biohydrogen produced via electrolysis is also possible but with the current technologies is expensive and GHG unfriendly if using fossil fuel energy (Tran et al 2010). …”

Section: Liquid Fuels Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dark fermentation biorefinery in the present and future (bio)chemical industry

Bastidas‐Oyanedel

Bonk

Thomsen

et al. 2015

Rev Environ Sci Biotechnol

137

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Dark fermentation, also known as acidogenesis, involves the transformation of a wide range of organic substrates into a mixture of products, e.g. acetic acid, butyric acid and hydrogen. This bioprocess occurs in the absence of oxygen and light. The ability to synthesize hydrogen, by dark fermentation, has raised its scientific attention. Hydrogen is a nonpolluting energy carrier molecule. However, for energy generation, there is a variety of other sustainable alternatives to hydrogen energy, e.g. solar, wind, tide, hydroelectric, biomass incineration, or nuclear fission. Nevertheless, dark fermentation appears as an important sustainable process in another area: the synthesis of valuable chemicals, i.e. an alternative to petrochemical refinery. Currently, acetic acid, butyric acid and hydrogen are mostly produced by petrochemical reforming, and they serve as precursors of ubiquitous petrochemical derived products. Hence, the future of dark fermentation relies as a core bioprocess in the biorefinery concept. The present article aims to present and discuss the current and future status of dark fermentation in the biorefinery concept. The first half of the article presents the metabolic pathways, product yields and its technological importance, microorganisms responsible for mixed dark fermentation, and operational parameters, e.g. substrates, pH, temperature and head-space composition, which affect dark fermentation. The minimal selling price of dark fermentation products is also presented in this section. The second half discusses the perspectives and future of dark fermentation as a core bioprocess. The relationship of dark fermentation with other (bio)processes, e.g. liquid fuels and fine chemicals, algae cultivation, biomethane-biohythane-biosyngas production, and syngas fermentation, is then explored.

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Section: Liquid Fuels Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dark fermentation biorefinery in the present and future (bio)chemical industry

Bastidas‐Oyanedel

Bonk

Thomsen

et al. 2015

Rev Environ Sci Biotechnol

137

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“…There has been a significant amount of information published on bio-oil upgrading in the presence of nanoparticles. 6,57,58 The objective of these studies has mostly been in the development of a novel supported nanocatalyst for tar removal in biomass gasification/pyrolysis to significantly enhance the quality of the produced gases. For this purpose, the supported nano-NiO/␥ -Al 2 O 3 catalyst was prepared by deposition-precipitation.…”

Section: Gasification Of Biomassmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5 The concept of utilizing biomass for everyday use as fuel has been in existence for centuries; however, dedicated research into the matter has only taken place in the last two decades. 6 This initiative has been given the general term "biorefinery technology," which combines understanding of biomass conversion processes and equipment to produce fuels, power, and chemicals from biomass. The biorefinery concept is analogues to today's petroleum refineries, which produce multiple fuels and products from petroleum.…”

Section: Introduction Climate Change and Biorefinery Conceptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanocatalysts for Biofuels

Budarin

Shuttleworth

Lanigan

et al. 2013

Nanocatalysis Synthesis and Applications

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Climate change has been defined by the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change as a change of climate, which is attributed directly or indirectly to human activity that alters the composition of the global atmosphere and which is in addition to natural climate variability over comparable time periods. 1 There are four main types of gases released by human activity-carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and the halocarbons-all of which accumulate in the Earth's atmosphere and contribute to the global warming and climate change. A significant increase in the concentration of all of these gases has been seen since the start of the industrial revolution when manual labour was largely replaced by industry and machines. Fossil fuel combustion is responsible for the majority of CO 2 emissions caused by humankind. Electricity generation is the largest emitter of CO 2 , accounting for approximately 41% of all CO 2 emissions in the United States in 2006, followed by the transport sector at 33%. 2, 3 As a result there is a significant drive in research and initiatives for the use of renewable and sustainable fuels to facilitate the development of society, while minimizing the impact on the environment. The replacement of fossil fuels with biomass can result in a reduction of the net CO 2 Nanocatalysis: Synthesis and Applications, First Edition. Edited by Vivek Polshettiwar and Tewodros Asefa.

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“…Production of algae-based aviation fuel has attracted a considerable interest from the aviation industry, especially after trials on commercial and military aeroplanes using algae biofuel blend. Information on this topic is scant at the moment as it is still at an early stage, but early studies indicate that catalyst development is an important aspect for the conversion of biological compounds to hydrocarbons [81] and should be prioritised.…”

Section: Middle Distillate Hydrocarbonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Algal Biofuels: A Credible Prospective?

Patel

Tamburic

Zemichael

et al. 2012

ISRN Renewable Energy

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Global energy use has reached unprecedented levels and increasing human population, technological integration, and improving lifestyle will further fuel this demand. Fossil fuel based energy is our primary source of energy and it will remain to be in the near future. The effects from the use of this finite resource on the fate of our planet are only now being understood and recognised in the form of climate change. Renewable energy systems may offer a credible alternative to help maintain our lifestyle sustainably and there are a range of options that can be pursued. Biofuels, especially algae based, have gained significant publicity recently. The concept of making biofuels, biochemicals, and by-products works well theoretically and at small scale, but when considering scaleup, many solutions can be dismissed on either economical or ecological grounds. Even if an (cost-) effective method for algae cultivation is developed, other input parameters, namely, fixed nitrogen and fresh water, remain to be addressed. Furthermore, current processing routes for harvesting, drying, and extraction for conversion to subsequent products are economically unattractive. The strategies employed for various algae-based fuels are identified and it is suggested that ultimately only an integrated algal biorefinery concept may be the way forward.

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Catalytic upgrading of biorefinery oil from micro-algae

Cited by 178 publications

References 63 publications

Dark fermentation biorefinery in the present and future (bio)chemical industry

Dark fermentation biorefinery in the present and future (bio)chemical industry

Nanocatalysts for Biofuels

Algal Biofuels: A Credible Prospective?

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