Catalytic upgrading of heavy naphtha to gasoline: Simultaneous operation of reforming and desulfurization in the absence of hydrogen

Soltanali, Saeed; Mohaddecy, Seyed Reza Seif; Mashayekhi, Maryam; Rashidzadeh, Mehdi

doi:10.1016/j.jece.2020.104548

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…It was discovered that the coated catalyst had a higher activation energy for the deactivation reaction than the uncoated catalyst. Soltanali et al [21] conducted desulfurization by zeolite catalysts in the naphtha reforming process in the absence of hydrogen. ZSM-5 catalyst (Si/Al = 50) was successfully synthesized to study the impact of operating conditions on the naphtha reforming process using a zeolite catalyst in the absence of hydrogen.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization for Kinetic Model of Oxidative Desulfurization of Sour Naphtha Over a Natural Base Zeolite Catalyst in a Three Phase Oscillatory Baffled Reactor

Gheni,

Hmood,

Ahmed

et al. 2023

Journal of Petroleum Research and Studies

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The oxidative desulfurization (ODS) of Iraqi sour naphtha was studied in a novel design of a heterogeneous catalytic reactor. Molecular oxygen was used as an oxidizing agent and a clay-based zeolite was used as a catalyst. The present work of ODS was conducted in a three-phase oscillatory baffled reactor under different operating conditions; temperature =25, 35, 45, and 55°C, residence times (1 – 14 min), Reynold number of oscillation (175, 235, 315), and net flow Reynolds number (25, 50, 75). A zeolitic base ODS catalyst was prepared and applied as a heterogeneous catalyst in the OBR unit. The aim of this study is to obtain the ODS kinetic parameters and concentration profile of the sulfur compounds in the naphtha cut. The model developed was based on the properties of the feedstock, characteristics of the catalyst, and operation conditions inside the OBR according to the experimental observations. To obtain the kinetic model parameters mass transfer and flow conditions were applied in the model network. The equations were employed in gPROMS software to simulate the experimental results of sulfur concentration remaining after completion of the ODS process. The set of equations was successful in simulating the experimental results with a 5% absolute error. The predicted data were used for optimizing the kinetic parameters to get the ODS kinetic parameters based on minimizing sulfur concentration.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization for Kinetic Model of Oxidative Desulfurization of Sour Naphtha Over a Natural Base Zeolite Catalyst in a Three Phase Oscillatory Baffled Reactor

Gheni,

Hmood,

Ahmed

et al. 2023

Journal of Petroleum Research and Studies

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“…Some people have raised the bar finding this process as alternative to the following three processes naphtha desulfurization, reforming, isomerization, and benzene removal. This gives advantages to reduce the capital and the operating costs by 70% [35,36].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of High-Octane Number Gasoline from Basra Low Octane-Number Gas Condensate and Ethanol over Modified Zn/ZSM5 Zeolite Catalyst

Salim

Saed

2023

Bull. Chem. React. Eng. Catal.

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Catalytic transformation of a low-octane number stable gas condensate to high-octane number gasoline (RON: research octane number) is an economically and strategically vital process. In this research, modifying ZSM5 zeolite (80 Si/Al ratio) by impregnation with 2% Zn (Zn/ZSM5) was carried out to increase the selectivity for isomerization and aromatization thereby enhance the octane number. The process was conducted by using stable gas condensate 85 vol% with 15 vol% ethanol in a fixed bed reactor. Zn/ZSM5 and ZSM5 were examined in a pilot scale under different conditions temperature 360-420 °C LHSV1.2-2 h−1, pressure 5 bar. Catalysts were characterized before and after Zn loading using Fourier Transform Infra Red (FT-IR), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM), Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), and N2-adsorption. The SEM, FESEM, and TEM have shown that no change in morphology and metal distribution. The XRD and FTIR characterizations revealed the modified catalysts retained their crystallinity after metal impregnation while N2-adsorption isotherm demonstrates no significant change in porosity. The results of Zn/ZSM5 display an optimum result at 420 °C, 1.2 h−1, 5 bar with enhancement of RON from 60.5 to 89 whereas ZSM5 shows RON enhancement from 60.5 to 82. Post Zn loading, PONA test has shown an increase for iso-paraffin from 45.4 to 47.4%, and aromatics from 10.8 to 14. The findings translate the effectiveness of using Zn on ZSM5 for gas condensate – gasoline transformation. Copyright © 2023 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).

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“…50 On the other hand, operating at high hydrogen partial pressures has been found to result in the reduction of aromatic production and a decline in the RON of the nal product. 3 Therefore, to overcome such limitations, the motivation of this study is to investigate new catalysts for heavy naphtha utilization and reforming that enable operating at lower reactor temperatures, 51 without the utilization of noble metals, no hydrogen pressure, 51 and lower than conventional reforming (450 and 480 C), in an effort to reduce the carbon footprint of the process. Specically, this study aims to improve the catalytic performance of MFI zeolite for the catalytic reforming of heavy naphtha to gasoline at atmospheric pressure and a low reaction temperature of 350 C. The zeolite was impregnated with phosphorus oxide and subjected to steam treatment to enhance its performance in terms of conversion stability and deactivation behavior during the reaction through the modication of its acidity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, to overcome such limitations, the motivation of this study is to investigate new catalysts for heavy naphtha utilization and reforming that enable operating at lower reactor temperatures, 51 without the utilization of noble metals, no hydrogen pressure, 51 and lower than conventional reforming (450 and 480 °C), in an effort to reduce the carbon footprint of the process. Specifically, this study aims to improve the catalytic performance of MFI zeolite for the catalytic reforming of heavy naphtha to gasoline at atmospheric pressure and a low reaction temperature of 350 °C.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalytic conversion of heavy naphtha to reformate over the phosphorus-ZSM-5 catalyst at a lower reforming temperature

et al. 2022

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Catalytic upgrading of heavy naphtha to gasoline: Simultaneous operation of reforming and desulfurization in the absence of hydrogen

Cited by 12 publications

References 50 publications

Optimization for Kinetic Model of Oxidative Desulfurization of Sour Naphtha Over a Natural Base Zeolite Catalyst in a Three Phase Oscillatory Baffled Reactor

Optimization for Kinetic Model of Oxidative Desulfurization of Sour Naphtha Over a Natural Base Zeolite Catalyst in a Three Phase Oscillatory Baffled Reactor

Production of High-Octane Number Gasoline from Basra Low Octane-Number Gas Condensate and Ethanol over Modified Zn/ZSM5 Zeolite Catalyst

Catalytic conversion of heavy naphtha to reformate over the phosphorus-ZSM-5 catalyst at a lower reforming temperature

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