“…Mixtures of metal oxides of Cu, Zn, Co, Mn and Bi are reported to exhibit good activity, but leaching of these catalysts has been detected [36,44,49]. On the contrary, heterogeneous catalysts based on precious metals deposited on stable supports are less prone to active ingredient leaching [28,45,48,[73][74][75][76]. Furthermore, noble metal catalysts are generally found to be more effective than metal oxide catalysts for oxidizing acetic acid, while with both noble metal and metal oxide catalysts the rate of total oxidation is significantly higher than that of the uncatalyzed reaction [1,44,46,73,75,77,90].…”