Cataract Blindness

Robin, Alan L.; Ravilla, Thulasiraj

doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2013.765

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The different etiologies are known to have multifactorial causes; in cataract modifiable risk factors are identified as exposure to ultraviolet rays, mainly UV-B, deficiency in the diet of antioxidants and proteins, smoking, diabetes mellitus, the use of corticosteroids, and severe dehydration. And non-modifiable risk factors are genetic, with a probability three times higher in relatives of people with the disease [37][38][39][40][41].…”

Section: Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual Disability and Causes of Preventable Blindness

Amador¹,

Torres²

2021

Topics in Primary Care Medicine

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The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates, worldwide, approximately 1300 million people with a form of visual impairment. More than 314 million have a severe visual impairment. Of these, 37 million are blind and 124 million suffer from low vision. Eighty percent of all these cases are considered avoidable. The main causes of blindness from one country to another, in order of frequency, are cataract (39%), uncorrected refractive errors (18%), and glaucoma (10%). In Latin America and the Caribbean, the loss of vision in adults continues to be a public health problem. Blindness and visual impairment tombs have a remarkable impact on the socioeconomic development of individuals and societies and the prevention of avoidable visual disabilities in the long term in terms of attention to health care and social expenditures. Of all the organs of the body, the eye is more accessible to direct examination. The visual function can be evaluated by means of simple subjective tests. The same can be taken care of from an adequate primary care service.

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Section: Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual Disability and Causes of Preventable Blindness

Amador¹,

Torres²

2021

Topics in Primary Care Medicine

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“…15 This global partnership for the elimination of avoidable blindness that involves a collaboration of international nongovernmental organizations, professional associations, and eye-care institutions has laid great emphasis on increasing the numbers of people receiving cataract surgery, particularly in low-and middle-income countries. During the period under consideration, the total number of cataract surgeries more than tripled in the world and the cataract surgical rate (i.e., the number of surgeries per million population per year) increased in all regions, especially in Asia, 16 with improvement of surgical techniques, and a lower rate of complications. 17,18 However, despite the decline in prevalence of blindness and MSVI, cataract remains the first cause of blindness in 2010 followed by uncorrected refractive error and macular degeneration, and the second cause of MSVI after uncorrected refractive error.…”

Section: à50mentioning

confidence: 99%

Number of People Blind or Visually Impaired by Cataract Worldwide and in World Regions, 1990 to 2010

Khairallah

Kahloun

Bourne

et al. 2015

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

321

205

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PURPOSE.To estimate prevalence and number of people visually impaired or blind due to cataract. METHODS.Based on the Global Burden of Diseases Study 2010 and ongoing literature research, we examined how many people were affected by moderate to severe vision impairment (MSVI; presenting visual acuity <6/18, ‡3/60) and blindness (presenting visual acuity <3/60) due to cataract. RESULTS.In 2010, of overall 32.4 million blind and 191 million vision impaired, 10.8 million people were blind and 35.1 million were visually impaired due to cataract. Cataract caused worldwide 33.4% of all blindness in 2010, and 18.4% of all MSVI. These figures were lower in the high-income regions (<15%) and higher (>40%) in South and Southeast Asia and Oceania. From 1990 to 2010, the number of blind or visually impaired due to cataract decreased by 11.4% and by 20.2%, respectively; the age-standardized global prevalence of cataract-related blindness and MSVI reduced by 46% and 50%, respectively, and the worldwide crude prevalence of cataract-related blindness and MSVI reduced by 32% and 39%, respectively. The percentage of global blindness and MSVI caused by cataract decreased from 38.6% to 33.4%, and from 25.6% to 18.4%, respectively. This decrease took place in almost all world regions, except East Sub-Saharan Africa.CONCLUSIONS. In 2010, one in three blind people was blind due to cataract, and one of six visually impaired people was visually impaired due to cataract. Despite major improvements in terms of reduction of prevalence, cataract remains a major public health problem.Keywords: cataract, epidemiology, blindness, visual impairment A lthough cataract is relatively easily, safely, and costefficiently treatable, and in spite of the increasing rates of cataract surgery, 1 cataract is still the leading cause of blindness and visual impairment worldwide, especially in developing countries. 2,3 Population-based studies and previous meta-analyses performed in different regions worldwide have reported that cataract is responsible for 47.8% to 51% of all global blindness. 2,4-9 However, these studies did not report data on the change during the past 2 decades in terms of prevalence and number of people blind or visually impaired due to cataract.The purpose of the current study was to determine, in a meta-analysis of all available population-based studies performed worldwide within the past 2 decades, prevalence and number of people affected by blindness and visual impairment due to cataract, to assess changes during the period from 1990 to 2010, and to examine regional differences in the prevalence of cataract-related blindness and visual impairment.

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“…2 Cataract is more often a cause of blindness in low-income nations, although cataract is also a leading cause of blindness in medically-underserved areas of high-income nations. 3 Cataract surgical rate parallels this disparity with a rate of 100 cataract surgeries per million people per year in some low-income countries rising to 6,000 cataract surgeries per million people per year in higher-income countries. 4 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…AECS has developed numerous innovative programs to increase cataract surgery volume and efficiency while maintaining high quality outcomes in order to sustain their financial viability with their payer mix. 3 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Counseling on Cataract Patient Knowledge, Decisional Conflict, and Satisfaction

Newman-Casey

Ravilla

Haripriya

et al. 2015

Ophthalmic Epidemiology

Self Cite

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Purpose Cataract is the leading cause of non-refractive preventable blindness, and comprehensive strategies to increase cataract surgery rates are imperative, including high-quality supportive patient education. We evaluated the effectiveness of non-physician pre-surgical counselors teaching patients about cataract and cataract surgery in improving patient knowledge, decisional conflict, and satisfaction. Methods A survey was given before and after 61 newly-diagnosed cataract patients underwent pre-surgical counseling at the Aravind Eye Hospital, Madurai, India. The survey measured change in cataract knowledge and decisional conflict, a measure of anxiety surrounding the decision to undergo surgery, along with patient satisfaction. Multiple regression was used to identify factors that influenced change in knowledge. Results Both patient knowledge scores and decisional conflict scores improved following counseling (mean difference +2.0, P=0.004 and +8.4, P<0.0001, respectively). Multiple regression analysis identified female sex (β=2.5, P<0.001) and being illiterate (β=1.7, P=0.04) as important predictors of increased knowledge post-counseling. Conclusion Counseling both improved knowledge and reduced decisional conflict about cataract surgery, particularly among patients who had traditionally had more limited access to healthcare such as women and illiterate patients. Increased use of high quality counseling might help to further reduce the global burden of cataract and other forms of blindness.

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Cataract Blindness

Cited by 9 publications

References 35 publications

Visual Disability and Causes of Preventable Blindness

Visual Disability and Causes of Preventable Blindness

Number of People Blind or Visually Impaired by Cataract Worldwide and in World Regions, 1990 to 2010

The Effect of Counseling on Cataract Patient Knowledge, Decisional Conflict, and Satisfaction

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