Catch-down growth during infancy of children born small (SGA) or appropriate (AGA) for gestational age with short-statured parents

Völkl, Thomas M.K.; Haas, Bettina; Beier, Christoph; Simm, Diemud; Dörr, Helmuth G.

doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2006.01.034

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Whether a more vigorous treatment will translate into better growth outcome in KTx patients needs to be proven in future trials. Intrauterine growth restriction and parental height are significant predictors of total body height in the general population and in children with CKD (27)(28)(29)(30)(31). Malnutrition is an important factor contributing to growth failure in children with CKD, especially during young age.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns of Growth after Kidney Transplantation among Children with ESRD

Franke

Thomas

Steffens

et al. 2015

Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology

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Background and objectives Poor linear growth is a frequent complication of CKD. This study evaluated the effect of kidney transplantation on age-related growth of linear body segments in pediatric renal transplant recipients who were enrolled from May 1998 until August 2013 in the CKD Growth and Development observational cohort study.Design, setting, participants, & measurements Linear growth (height, sitting height, arm and leg lengths) was prospectively investigated during 1639 annual visits in a cohort of 389 pediatric renal transplant recipients ages 2-18 years with a median follow-up of 3.4 years (interquartile range, 1.9-5.9 years). Linear mixed-effects models were used to assess age-related changes and predictors of linear body segments.Results During early childhood, patients showed lower mean SD scores (SDS) for height (21.7) and a markedly elevated sitting height index (ratio of sitting height to total body height) compared with healthy children (1.6 SDS), indicating disproportionate stunting (each P,0.001). After early childhood a sustained increase in standardized leg length and a constant decrease in standardized sitting height were noted (each P,0.001), resulting in significant catch-up growth and almost complete normalization of sitting height index by adult age (0.4 SDS; P,0.01 versus age 2-4 years). Time after transplantation, congenital renal disease, bone maturation, steroid exposure, degree of metabolic acidosis and anemia, intrauterine growth restriction, and parental height were significant predictors of linear body dimensions and body proportions (each P,0.05). ConclusionsChildren with ESRD present with disproportionate stunting. In pediatric renal transplant recipients, a sustained increase in standardized leg length and total body height is observed from preschool until adult age, resulting in restoration of body proportions in most patients. Reduction of steroid exposure and optimal metabolic control before and after transplantation are promising measures to further improve growth outcome.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns of Growth after Kidney Transplantation among Children with ESRD

Franke

Thomas

Steffens

et al. 2015

Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology

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“…Previous work has focused on postnatal centile-crossing, tracking growth adjustment that occurs after birth, particularly during the first year of life when infants, released from the effects of the prenatal environment, shift up (catch-up) and down (catch-down) across growth reference percentiles as they fine-tune their growth rates in the postnatal environment and become canalized into their genetic potential for growth (e.g., Smith et al 1976, Mei et al 2004, Völkl et al 2006). The prenatal precursors for these patterns have received less attention.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Downward percentile crossing as an indicator of an adverse prenatal environment

Lampl

Gotsch

Kusanovic

et al. 2008

Annals of Human Biology

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Background Postnatal health sequelae associated with low birth weight have been attributed to ‘poor fetal growth’ from inferred adverse prenatal environments; risks augmented by infant growth rates. Identifying prenatal growth-restricting events is essential to clarify pathways and mechanisms of fetal growth. Aim The specific aim of this investigation was to examine whether an episode of preterm labor may compromise fetal growth. Subjects and methods Fetal size at the end of the second trimester and birth were compared among a sample of women with uncomplicated pregnancies (n=3167) and those who experienced preterm labor (<37 weeks) and subsequently delivered at term (>=37 weeks, n=147). Fetal weight was estimated from ultrasound measures and changes in weight standard scores across the third trimester investigated significant centile-crossing (> 0.67 standard deviation score change). Results Fetuses delivered at term after an episode of preterm labor were smaller at birth relative to their peers than at the end of the second trimester, and were 47% more likely to experience clinically significant downward centile crossing (p<0.05) than their peers (OR 1.47, 95% CI 1.04-2.07) Conclusion An episode of preterm labor may signal an adverse prenatal environment for term-delivered neonates. Epidemiologically silent events in the natural history of pregnancy are an understudied source of fetal growth compromise as inferred by small birth size among peers.

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“…Consequently, growth monitoring gives critical information and patterns of growth should be characterized in very young infants [20]. The situation is not usually the same in SGA infants of short parents, where the catch-up growth will result in a height within the lower familial range [21].…”

Section: Growth Patternmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth and body composition in very young SGA children

2010

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Infants with a very low birth weight are at risk of a reduced number of nephrons predisposing to kidney disorder, hypertension, and metabolic syndrome. Approximately 3% of infants are born small for gestational age (SGA), defined as birth weight and/or length at least 2 SD below the mean for gestational age (GA), independently of whether these children are born prematurely or at term. About 10% of these children do not show postnatal catch-up growth and remain of short stature during childhood. Most of these infants are not growth hormone (GH)-deficient, but may have GH resistance. Although GH-resistant, the majority of patients benefit from GH therapy, normalize height during childhood, maintain a normal growth velocity during puberty, and attain a normal adult height. To date, GH has been shown to be safe and no significant adverse effects have been demonstrated. Children with congenital chronic kidney disease (CKD) are born with subnormal birth weight and length and about 25% are born SGA. Shortness and need for GH treatment is highly correlated with weight at birth and gestational age. Primary renal disorders modify the response to GH treatment. Analysis of whether SGA is an additional risk factor for CKD regarding the development of hypertension, metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular complications is required.

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Catch-down growth during infancy of children born small (SGA) or appropriate (AGA) for gestational age with short-statured parents

Cited by 14 publications

References 33 publications

Patterns of Growth after Kidney Transplantation among Children with ESRD

Patterns of Growth after Kidney Transplantation among Children with ESRD

Downward percentile crossing as an indicator of an adverse prenatal environment

Growth and body composition in very young SGA children

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