Catch me if you can: Under-detection of Trypanosoma cruzi (Kinetoplastea: Trypanosomatida) infections in Triatoma dimidiata s.l. (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) from Central America

Stevens, Lori; Lima-Cordón, Raquel Asunción; Cahan, Sara Helms; Dorn, Patricia L.; Monroy, María Carlota; Axen, Heather J.; Nguyen, Andrew; Hernáiz-Hernánde, Yainna; Rodas, Antonieta; Justi, Silvia Andrade

doi:10.1016/j.actatropica.2021.106130

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…A key unanswered question is whether triatomines with non-patent T. cruzi infections as determined by OM are of equal worth in terms of transmissibility as OM-positive insects. The large disagreement among results obtained with various PCR-based methods applied to triatomine infections with T. cruzi in the northern hemisphere supports the lack of a true gold standard [ 98 ]. For large-scale surveillance purposes, a false-negative rate of approximately 20% would not severely affect the identification of houses harboring at least one T. cruzi -infected T. infestans across several survey occasions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Pampa del Indio project: sustainable vector control and long-term declines in the prevalence and abundance of Triatoma infestans infected with Trypanosoma cruzi in the Argentine Chaco

Gürtler,

Enriquez,

Gaspe

et al. 2023

Parasites Vectors

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Background The Gran Chaco region is a major hotspot of Chagas disease. We implemented a 9-year program aimed at suppressing house infestation with Triatoma infestans and stopping vector-borne transmission to creole and indigenous (Qom) residents across Pampa del Indio municipality (Argentine Chaco). The aim of the present study was to assess the intervention effects on parasite-based transmission indices and the spatial distribution of the parasite, and test whether house-level variations in triatomine infection with Trypanosoma cruzi declined postintervention and were influenced by household ethnicity, persistent infestation linked to pyrethroid resistance and other determinants of bug infection. Methods This longitudinal study assessed house infestation and bug infection with T. cruzi before and after spraying houses with pyrethroids and implemented systematic surveillance-and-response measures across four operational areas over the period 2007–2016. Live triatomines were individually examined for infection by optical microscopy or kinetoplast DNA (kDNA)-PCR and declared to be infected with T. cruzi when assessed positive by either method. Results The prevalence of infection with T. cruzi was 19.4% among 6397 T. infestans examined. Infection ranged widely among the study areas (12.5–26.0%), household ethnicity (15.3–26.9%), bug ecotopes (1.8–27.2%) and developmental stages (5.9–27.6%), and decreased from 24.1% (baseline) to 0.9% (endpoint). Using random-intercept multiple logistic regression, the relative odds of bug infection strongly decreased as the intervention period progressed, and increased with baseline domestic infestation and bug stage and in Qom households. The abundance of infected bugs and the proportion of houses with ≥ 1 infected bug remained depressed postintervention and were more informative of area-wide risk status than the prevalence of bug infection. Global spatial analysis revealed sharp changes in the aggregation of bug infection after the attack phase. Baseline domestic infestation and baseline bug infection strongly predicted the future occurrence of bug infection, as did persistent domestic infestation in the area with multiple pyrethroid-resistant foci. Only 19% of houses had a baseline domestic infestation and 56% had ever had ≥ 1 infected bug. Conclusions Persistent bug infection postintervention was closely associated with persistent foci generated by pyrethroid resistance. Postintervention parasite-based indices closely agreed with human serosurveys at the study endpoint, suggesting transmission blockage. The program identified households and population subgroups for targeted interventions and opened new opportunities for risk prioritization and sustainable vector control and disease prevention. Graphical abstract

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Pampa del Indio project: sustainable vector control and long-term declines in the prevalence and abundance of Triatoma infestans infected with Trypanosoma cruzi in the Argentine Chaco

Gürtler,

Enriquez,

Gaspe

et al. 2023

Parasites Vectors

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“…Pathogen surveillance in arthropods may provide essential details for disease control. A central American study tried to discover the best method to survey the prevalence of Trypanosoma cruzi that causes Chagas disease in the vector Triatoma dimidiata (blood-sucking bug) ( Stevens et al, 2021 ). The researchers concluded that using genotype-by-sequencing (GBS) was twice superior in detecting the pathogen in its vector compared with PCR assay (based on a test with the significant agreement; 53% vs. 19%) However, the difficulty of pathogen detection in insects may be caused by genetic variations in the parasite itself, and this can affect the disease surveillance and control process.…”

Section: Role Of Exosomes In Vector-borne Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma-derived exosomal miRNA as potential biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis of vector-borne diseases: A review

et al. 2023

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Early disease diagnosis is critical for better management and treatment outcome of patients. Therefore, diagnostic methods should ideally be accurate, consistent, easy to perform at low cost and preferably non-invasive. In recent years, various biomarkers have been studied for the detection of cardiovascular diseases, cerebrovascular diseases, infectious diseases, diabetes mellitus and malignancies. Exosomal microRNA (miRNA) are small non-coding RNA molecules that influence gene expression after transcription. Previous studies have shown that these types of miRNAs can potentially be used as biomarkers for cancers of the breast and colon, as well as diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. It may also be used to indicate viral and bacterial infections, such as the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), tuberculosis and hepatitis. However, its use in the diagnosis of vector-borne diseases is rather limited. Therefore, this review aims to introduce several miRNAs derived from exosomal plasma that may potentially serve as a disease biomarker due to the body’s immune response, with special focus on the early detection of vector-borne diseases.

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Reduced-representation libraries in insect genetics

Hopper

2023

Current Opinion in Insect Science

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Catch me if you can: Under-detection of Trypanosoma cruzi (Kinetoplastea: Trypanosomatida) infections in Triatoma dimidiata s.l. (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) from Central America

Cited by 4 publications

References 22 publications

The Pampa del Indio project: sustainable vector control and long-term declines in the prevalence and abundance of Triatoma infestans infected with Trypanosoma cruzi in the Argentine Chaco

The Pampa del Indio project: sustainable vector control and long-term declines in the prevalence and abundance of Triatoma infestans infected with Trypanosoma cruzi in the Argentine Chaco

Plasma-derived exosomal miRNA as potential biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis of vector-borne diseases: A review

Reduced-representation libraries in insect genetics

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