Catchlike property of skeletal muscle: Recent findings and clinical implications

Binder‐Macleod, Stuart A.; Kesar, Trisha M.

doi:10.1002/mus.20290

Cited by 66 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 92 publications

(266 reference statements)

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“…These are (1) a short interpulse interval for the first two motor neuron action potentials (a doublet) in the stimulating train [Burke et al, 1976;Zajac and Young, 1980a, b;Hennig and Lømo, 1985;Celichowski and Grottel, 1998;Thomas et al, 1999;Binder-Macleod and Kesar, 2005;Cheng et al, 2013;Pedersen et al, 2013] and (2) high frequency of the motor neuron train [Buller and Lewis, 1965;Rack and Westbury, 1969;Fuchs and Luschei, 1971;Lewis and Proske, 1972;De Haan, 1998]. The eel's highvoltage volley exhibits both of these features.…”

Section: Eel High-voltage Discharges Resemble Optimal Motor Neuron Trmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Optimized Biological Taser: Electric Eels Remotely Induce or Arrest Movement in Nearby Prey

Catania¹

2015

Brain Behav Evol

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Despite centuries of interest in electric eels, few studies have investigated the mechanism of the eel's attack. Here, I review and extend recent findings that show eel electric high-voltage discharges activate prey motor neuron efferents. This mechanism allows electric eels to remotely control their targets using two different strategies. When nearby prey have been detected, eels emit a high-voltage volley that causes whole-body tetanus in the target, freezing all voluntary movement and allowing the eel to capture the prey with a suction feeding strike. When hunting for cryptic prey, eels emit doublets and triplets, inducing whole-body twitch in prey, which in turn elicits an immediate eel attack with a full volley and suction feeding strike. Thus, by using their modified muscles (electrocytes) as amplifiers of their own motor efferents, eel's motor neurons remotely activate prey motor neurons to cause movement (twitch and escape) or immobilization (tetanus) facilitating prey detection and capture, respectively. These results explain reports that human movement is ‘frozen' by eel discharges and shows the mechanism to resemble a law-enforcement Taser.

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Section: Eel High-voltage Discharges Resemble Optimal Motor Neuron Trmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Optimized Biological Taser: Electric Eels Remotely Induce or Arrest Movement in Nearby Prey

Catania¹

2015

Brain Behav Evol

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“…From a physiological perspective, FastFES incorporates stimulation patterns that better mimic the nervous system’s activation of muscle (i.e. variable-frequency train patterns), facilitating a more rapid rate of rise in force production 28 and yielding greater changes in walking kinematics 29 as compared to traditionally used FES patterns in persons post-stroke.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Targeting Paretic Propulsion to Improve Poststroke Walking Function: A Preliminary Study

Awad¹,

Reisman²,

Kesar³

et al. 2014

Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation

100

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OBJECTIVE To determine 1) the feasibility and safety of implementing a 12-week locomotor intervention targeting paretic propulsion deficits during walking through the joining of two independent interventions: walking at maximal speed on a treadmill and functional electrical stimulation of the paretic ankle musculature (FastFES), 2) the effects of FastFES training on individual subjects, and 3) the influence of baseline impairment severity on treatment outcomes. DESIGN A single group pre-post preliminary study investigating a novel locomotor intervention. Changes following treatment were assessed using pair-wise comparisons and compared to known minimal clinically important differences (MCIDs) or minimal detectable changes (MDCs). Correlation analyses were run to determine the relationship between baseline clinical and biomechanical performance versus improvements in walking speed. SETTING University clinical research laboratory. PARTICIPANTS Thirteen individuals with locomotor deficits following a stroke. INTERVENTION FastFES training was provided for 12 weeks at a frequency of 3 sessions per week and 30 minutes per session. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Measures of gait mechanics, functional balance, short- and long-distance walking function, and self-perceived participation were collected at baseline, post-training, and at a 3 month follow-up. RESULTS Twelve of the 13 subjects recruited completed training. Improvements in paretic propulsion were accompanied by improvements in functional balance, walking function, and self-perceived participation (each p < 0.02) – all of which were maintained at the 3 month follow up. Eleven of the 12 subjects achieved meaningful functional improvements. Baseline impairment was predictive of absolute, but not relative functional change following training. CONCLUSIONS This report demonstrates the safety and feasibility of the FastFES intervention and supports further study of this promising locomotor intervention for persons post-stroke.

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“…The term "catchlike" property refers to the enhanced force production of mammalian muscle when one or two short interdischarge intervals occur at the onset of a discharge or during a steady background discharge. 6,8,9 In human thenar motor units, "doublets" at 5-15 ms can produce a force that is 48 Ϯ 13% of the maximal tetanic force. The enhancement is greatest for units with low twitch/tetanus ratios 30 and may be, in part, due to stretch of elastic elements (see earlier).…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Changes In Contractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6,8,9 Whether or not doublets or triplets occur, maximal voluntary effort produces a discharge rate that is greatest early in the contraction, at 30 Hz or more for the intrinsic muscles of the hand, decaying over some tens of seconds to a tonic rate of less than 20 Hz. 4 Doublets occur relatively infrequently during sustained voluntary contractions, except in patients with neuromuscular diseases, 23 and the interval following the doublet discharge is usually long.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Augmentation of the contraction force of human thenar muscles by and during brief discharge trains

et al. 2006

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We investigated the influence of the history of activity on the contractile properties of abductor pollicis brevis (APB) to define how the forces produced by individual stimuli change within a stimulus train, with a view to clarifying the optimal discharge frequency for force production in brief trains. Supramaximal electrical stimuli were delivered to the median nerve at the wrist singly or in trains of 2-5 at various interstimulus intervals (ISIs). The force and electromyographic (EMG) responses to trains of n stimuli were defined by online subtraction of the responses to n - 1 stimuli. The force attributable to the nth stimulus was normalized to that produced by a single stimulus. The contraction force produced by 2 stimuli exceeded the force expected with linear summation of 2 single twitches by 30-40% at ISIs of 2-100 ms. Increasing the number of stimuli resulted in less augmentation of the force produced by the last stimulus in the train for ISIs up to 20 ms, but greater augmentation for ISIs of 50-100 ms. At ISIs of less than 10 ms, the time to peak force produced by the last stimulus in a 5-pulse train was delayed by approximately 100 ms, the peak force produced by that stimulus was less than that produced by a single stimulus, and it occurred on the falling phase of the overall contraction. These properties are best explained by the catchlike property of muscle. This implies that the augmentation of contraction force due to this property can increase throughout a stimulus train, and is not restricted to the doublet discharges that have conventionally been studied. We conclude that, with brief discharge trains, maximal forces occur at ISIs of 56-75 ms, intervals that are longer than those conventionally associated with the catchlike property. Discharge rates of 15-20 HZ appear to be optimal for force generation by APB during steady contractions.

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Catchlike property of skeletal muscle: Recent findings and clinical implications

Cited by 66 publications

References 92 publications

An Optimized Biological Taser: Electric Eels Remotely Induce or Arrest Movement in Nearby Prey

An Optimized Biological Taser: Electric Eels Remotely Induce or Arrest Movement in Nearby Prey

Targeting Paretic Propulsion to Improve Poststroke Walking Function: A Preliminary Study

Augmentation of the contraction force of human thenar muscles by and during brief discharge trains

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