Catchments, sub-catchments and private spaces: Scale and process in managing microbial pollution from source to sea

Winter, Michael; Oliver, David M.; Fish, Robert; Heathwaite, A. Louise; Chadwick, D. R.; Hodgson, C. J.

doi:10.1016/j.envsci.2010.10.011

Cited by 23 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 54 publications

(51 reference statements)

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“…Plot studies are essential to help consolidate understanding and scale up findings from laboratory-based investigations to field and catchment scales ( Winter et al., 2011 ). It is therefore critically important that plot scale studies of FIO persistence are undertaken to complement observations made at smaller scales and to provide evidence of impacts of complex interacting environmental factors on FIO survival ( Oliver et al., 2016a ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal persistence of faecal indicator organisms in soil following dairy slurry application to land by surface broadcasting and shallow injection

Hodgson

Oliver

Fish

et al. 2016

Journal of Environmental Management

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Dairy farming generates large volumes of liquid manure (slurry), which is ultimately recycled to agricultural land as a valuable source of plant nutrients. Different methods of slurry application to land exist; some spread the slurry to the sward surface whereas others deliver the slurry under the sward and into the soil, thus helping to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from agriculture. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of two slurry application methods (surface broadcast versus shallow injection) on the survival of faecal indicator organisms (FIOs) delivered via dairy slurry to replicated grassland plots across contrasting seasons. A significant increase in FIO persistence (measured by the half-life of E. coli and intestinal enterococci) was observed when slurry was applied to grassland via shallow injection, and FIO decay rates were significantly higher for FIOs applied to grassland in spring relative to summer and autumn. Significant differences in the behaviour of E. coli and intestinal enterococci over time were also observed, with E. coli half-lives influenced more strongly by season of application relative to the intestinal enterococci population. While shallow injection of slurry can reduce agricultural GHG emissions to air it can also prolong the persistence of FIOs in soil, potentially increasing the risk of their subsequent transfer to water. Awareness of (and evidence for) the potential for ‘pollution-swapping’ is critical in order to guard against unintended environmental impacts of agricultural management decisions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal persistence of faecal indicator organisms in soil following dairy slurry application to land by surface broadcasting and shallow injection

Hodgson

Oliver

Fish

et al. 2016

Journal of Environmental Management

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“…For instance, the previously alluded to study of two beaches in northwest England found that water draining from farms and farmland accounted for 55 percent of "pollution" at one beach [Walney] and 25 percent at the other [Morecambe] (Dunphy 2013, 5). In many ways, this pollution can be seen as an issue of farm management-a full discussion of which extends beyond the purposes of this chapter (but see, for instance, Winter et al 2011). Instead, my interest is more in how animals have come to be made present in bathing waters in spite of their physical (or topographical) distance.…”

Section: Animal Flows and Tracesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tracing Bacterial Legalities: The Fluid Ecologies of the European Union’s Bathing Water Directive

Bear¹

2015

Animals, Biopolitics, Law

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“…These need to take account of multiple pollution sources, pathways and impacts (cf. Collins and Walling, 37 Haygarth et al, 38 Johnes et al, 39 Hewett et al, 40 Winter et al, 41 Collins et al 42 ) alongside the activities and motivations of a wide range of stakeholders.…”

Section: Challenges For Catchment Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such barriers take time to break down and it is only relatively recently that the environmental science research community has started to address the issue by building research programmes that are delivered by multi-disciplinary consortia (e.g. Winter et al 41 ). Breaking down communication barriers between academic disciplines can be seen as a rst step towards tackling the multi-dimensional, complex issues faced by policy makers and other end-users of environmental research.…”

Section: Organising Collaborative Approaches To Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing Demonstration Test Catchments as a platform for transdisciplinary land management research in England and Wales

McGonigle¹,

Burke

Collins

et al. 2014

Environ. Sci.: Processes Impacts

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Whilst a large body of plot and field-scale research exists on the sources, behaviour and mitigation of diffuse water pollution from agriculture, putting this evidence into a practical, context at large spatial scales to inform policy remains challenging. Understanding the behaviour of pollutants (nutrients, sediment, microbes and pesticides) and the effectiveness of mitigation strategies over whole catchments and long timeframes requires new, interdisciplinary approaches to organise and undertake research. This paper provides an introduction to the demonstration test catchments (DTC) programme, which was established in 2009 to gather empirical evidence on the cost-effectiveness of combinations of diffuse pollution mitigation measures at catchment scales. DTC firstly provides a physical platform of instrumented study catchments in which approaches for the mitigation of diffuse agricultural water pollution can be experimentally tested and iteratively improved. Secondly, it has established national and local knowledge exchange networks between researchers and stakeholders through which research has been co-designed. These have provided a vehicle to disseminate emerging findings to inform policy and land management practice. The role of DTC is that of an outdoor laboratory to develop knowledge and approaches that can be applied in less well studied locations. The research platform approach developed through DTC has brought together disparate research groups from different disciplines and institutions through nationally coordinated activities. It offers a model that can be adopted to organise research on other complex, interdisciplinary problems to inform policy and operational decision-making.

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Catchments, sub-catchments and private spaces: Scale and process in managing microbial pollution from source to sea

Cited by 23 publications

References 54 publications

Seasonal persistence of faecal indicator organisms in soil following dairy slurry application to land by surface broadcasting and shallow injection

Seasonal persistence of faecal indicator organisms in soil following dairy slurry application to land by surface broadcasting and shallow injection

Tracing Bacterial Legalities: The Fluid Ecologies of the European Union’s Bathing Water Directive

Developing Demonstration Test Catchments as a platform for transdisciplinary land management research in England and Wales

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