Catecholamine Excretion in Manic-Depressive and Schizophrenic Psychosis and its Relationship to Symptomatology

Abstract

In a group of depressed manic-depressive patients, urinary adrenalin, noradrenalin, creatinine and volume on admission of the patients to hospital were significantly reduced compared to the values found on their discharge. A small sample of manic-depressed manic patients showed significant elevations in the urinary output of dopamine on both admission and discharge from hospital. A group of schizophrenic patients revealed no over-all difference between the amounts of adrenalin and noradrenalin excreted at the time of their admission to hospital when they were ‘sick’ and the values found when they were discharged as ‘recovered’. The magnitude of excretion of these two amines by this group was at both stages comparable to that of the group of manic-depressive patients on discharge. There was no correlation between catecholamine excretion and clinically rated thought disorder. The more anxious manic patients were and the more bodily symptoms they had, the higher their excretion of noradrenalin. In depressed patients the greater the anxiety and depression, the higher was the excretion of all three catecholamines and the fewer were the bodily symptoms.

1 Introduction: Psychosocial Stimuli, Psychophysiological Reactions, and Disease

“…Further data indicating an increased liberation of catecholamines in response to a variety of psychosocial stimuli or in different states of emotional arousal have been presented by Eiduson et al (1957), Sulkowitch et al (1957), Regan and Reilly (1958), Bergsman (1959), Nilsson (1960), Shatalova andMyager (1960), Friedman et al (1960), Cohen et al (1961 b), Sloane et al (1964), Hames et al (1965), and Goudonnet (1971) and reviewed by Hoagland (1961), Sourkes (1962), Euler (1965), Schildkraut (1965), Kety (1966), , Graham et al (1967), Mason (1968 b), andO'Hanlon (1970).…”

Parameters of Research into the Depressive States

“…Bergsman (1959) did not find a change in catecholamine excretion but there was a reduced catecholamine excretion response to insulin. Shinfuku (1965) noted an increased catecholamine excretion in manics and reduced excretion in depressive phases, and Sloane (1966) found the excretion of catecholamines significantly less on admission than discharge for manic-depressives.…”