Categorical priming of famous person recognition: A hitherto overlooked methodological factor can resolve a long-standing debate

Stone, Anna

doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2008.06.001

Cited by 12 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…That is, two types of models have been proposed to account for the organization of famous person knowledge. According to one view, biographical knowledge is organized in a categorical way (Burton, Bruce, & Johnstone, 1990;Stone, 2008) and is shared by different individuals. Alternatively, person knowledge may also be organized in an associative way (Schweinberger, 1996;Wiese & Schweinberger, 2011), depending on the patterns of association between a famous person and specific life events experienced by this person.…”

Section: Famous Person Knowledgementioning

confidence: 99%

The Relation Between Depressive Symptoms and Semantic Memory in Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment and in Late-Life Depression

Brunet

Hudon

Macoir

et al. 2011

J Int Neuropsychol Soc

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Semantic deficits have been documented in the prodromal phase of Alzheimer's disease, but it is unclear whether these deficits are associated with non-cognitive manifestations. For instance, recent evidence indicates that cognitive deficits in elders with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) are modulated by concomitant depressive symptoms. The purposes of this study were to (i) investigate if semantic memory impairment in aMCI is modulated according to the presence (aMCI-D group) or absence (aMCI group) of depressive symptoms, and (ii) compare semantic memory performance of aMCI and aMCI-D groups to that of patients with late-life depression (LLD). Seventeen aMCI, 16 aMCI-D, 15 LLD, and 26 healthy control participants were administered a semantic questionnaire assessing famous person knowledge. Results showed that performance of aMCI-D patients was impaired compared to the control and LLD groups. However, in the aMCI group performance was comparable to that of all other groups. Overall, these findings suggest that semantic deficits in aMCI are somewhat associated with the presence of concomitant depressive symptoms. However, depression alone cannot account solely for the semantic deficits since LLD patients showed no semantic memory impairment in this study. Future studies should aim at clarifying the association between depression and semantic deficits in older adults meeting aMCI criteria. (JINS, 2011, 17, 865-874)

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Section: Famous Person Knowledgementioning

confidence: 99%

The Relation Between Depressive Symptoms and Semantic Memory in Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment and in Late-Life Depression

Brunet

Hudon

Macoir

et al. 2011

J Int Neuropsychol Soc

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“…Thus, while Angelina Jolie and Brad Pitt are both highly associated (because they co-occur regularly) and categorically related (since both are Hollywood actors), it is possible to combine two actors who are not associated because they never appeared in the same movie (such as Hugh Grant and Brad Pitt). While initial studies did not observe priming for categorically related pairs (Barry et al, 1998;Young, Flude, Hellawell, & Ellis, 1994), a number of more recent experiments demonstrated this effect (Carson & Burton, 2001;Stone, 2008;Stone & Valentine, 2007;Wiese & Schweinberger, 2008, 2011. The typically observed "associative boost", which reflects stronger priming for associated (e.g., Jolie !…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Getting connected: Both associative and semantic links structure semantic memory for newly learned persons

Wiese

Schweinberger

2015

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology

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. (2015) 'Getting connected : both associative and semantic links structure semantic memory for newly learned persons.', Quarterly journal of experimental psychology., 68 (11). pp. 2131-2148.Further information on publisher's website:https://doi.org/10. 1080/17470218.2015.1008526 Publisher's copyright statement:This is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Taylor Francis Group in Quarterly journal of experimental psychology on 02/03/2015, available online at: http://www.tandfonline.com/10. 1080/17470218.2015.1008526 Additional information: Use policyThe full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that:• a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders.Please consult the full DRO policy for further details. 2 AbstractThe present study examined whether semantic memory for newly learnt people is structured by visual co-occurrence, shared semantics, or both. Participants were trained with pairs of simultaneously presented (i.e., co-occurring) pre-experimentally unfamiliar faces, which either did or did not share additionally provided semantic information (occupation, place of living etc.). Semantic information could also be shared between faces that did not cooccur. A subsequent priming experiment revealed faster responses for both co-occurrence/no shared semantics and no co-occurrence/shared semantics conditions, relative to an unrelated condition. Strikingly, priming was strongest in the co-occurrence/shared semantics condition, suggesting additive effects of these factors. Additional analysis of event-related brain potentials yielded priming in the N400 component only for combined effects of visual cooccurrence and shared semantics, with more positive amplitudes in this relative the unrelated condition. Overall, these findings suggest that both semantic relatedness and visual cooccurrence are important when novel information is integrated into person-related semantic memory.

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“…In typical semantic priming paradigms using faces, the prime and probe pertain to famous people (known to participants), and priming is defined by the reduction in response time (RT) to make a fame decision about a probe face as a function of whether or not the person denoted by the prime is categorically (or associatively) related to the probe (e.g., a famous person with the same occupation; Wiese & Schweinberger, 2008). Such priming has been reported even when the prime was masked and for the first occurrence of a face as a prime, which precludes any contribution from S-R learning (Stone, 2008;Stone & Valentine, 2006;Wiese, Henson, & Schweinberger, 2011). …”

Section: Subliminal Priming Of Facesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Clearly, semantic priming of the type studied by Stone (2008), for example, where prime and probe identities share an occupation, is not possible to test for unfamiliar faces, which possess no associated associative/categorical information. Such priming can be studied using congruency priming, however, since unfamiliar faces can be categorized according to dimensions like famous/nonfamous, or male/female.…”

Section: Subliminal Priming Of Facesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stimulus/Response Learning in Masked Congruency Priming of Faces: Evidence for Covert Mental Classifications?

Eckstein

Henson

2012

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology

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Reaction times for categorization of a probe face according to its sex or fame were contrasted as a function of whether the category of a preceding, sandwich-masked prime face was congruent or incongruent. Prime awareness was measured by the ability to later categorize the primes, and this was close to chance and typically uncorrelated with priming. When prime faces were never presented as visible probes within a test, priming was not reliable; when prime faces were also seen as probes, priming was only reliable if visible and masked presentation of faces were interleaved (not simply if primes had been visible in a previous session). In the latter case, priming was independent of experimentally induced face-response or face-category contingencies, ruling out any simple form of stimulus-response learning. We conclude that the reliable masked congruency priming reflects bindings between stimuli and multiple, abstract classifications that can be generated both overtly and covertly.

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Categorical priming of famous person recognition: A hitherto overlooked methodological factor can resolve a long-standing debate

Cited by 12 publications

References 23 publications

The Relation Between Depressive Symptoms and Semantic Memory in Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment and in Late-Life Depression

The Relation Between Depressive Symptoms and Semantic Memory in Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment and in Late-Life Depression

Getting connected: Both associative and semantic links structure semantic memory for newly learned persons

Stimulus/Response Learning in Masked Congruency Priming of Faces: Evidence for Covert Mental Classifications?

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